Subtilisin variants having improved stability

ABSTRACT

Disclosed herein is one or more subtilisin variant, nucleic acid encoding same, and compositions and methods related to the production and use thereof, including one or more subtilisin variant that has improved stability compared to one or more reference subtilisin.

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Application No. 62/591,976, filed Nov. 29, 2017, the entirety of which is herein incorporated by reference.

Disclosed herein is one or more subtilisin variant, and compositions and methods related to the production and use thereof, including one or more subtilisin variant that has improved stability and/or soil removal compared to one or more reference subtilisin.

REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING SUBMITTED ELECTRONICALLY

The official copy of the sequence listing is submitted electronically via EFS-Web as an ASCII formatted sequence listing with a file named 20181128 NB41389PCT ST25 Final.txt created Nov. 28, 2018 and having a size of 51 kilobytes and is filed concurrently with the specification. The sequence listing contained in this ASCII formatted document is part of the specification and is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

A protease (also known as a proteinase) is an enzyme protein that has the ability to break down other proteins. A protease has the ability to conduct proteolysis, by hydrolysis of peptide bonds that link amino acids together in a peptide or polypeptide chain forming the protein. This activity of a protease as a protein-digesting enzyme is termed a proteolytic activity. Many well-known procedures exist for measuring proteolytic activity (Kalisz, “Microbial Proteinases,” In: Fiechter (ed.), Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, (1988)). For example, proteolytic activity may be ascertained by comparative assays which analyze the respective protease's ability to hydrolyze a commercial substrate. Exemplary substrates useful in the analysis of protease or proteolytic activity, include, but are not limited to, di-methyl casein (Sigma C-9801), bovine collagen (Sigma C-9879), bovine elastin (Sigma E-1625), and bovine keratin (ICN Biomedical 902111). Colorimetric assays utilizing these substrates are well known in the art (see, e.g., WO 99/34011 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,376,450, both of which are incorporated herein by reference).

Serine proteases are enzymes (EC No. 3.4.21) possessing an active site serine that initiates hydrolysis of peptide bonds of proteins. Serine proteases comprise a diverse class of enzymes having a wide range of specificities and biological functions that are further divided based on their structure into chymotrypsin-like (trypsin-like) and subtilisin-like. The prototypical subtilisin (EC No. 3.4.21.62) was initially obtained from Bacillus subtilis. Subtilisins (also sometimes referred to as subtilases) and their homologues are members of the S8 peptidase family of the MEROPS classification scheme. Members of family S8 have a catalytic triad in the order Asp, His and Ser in their amino acid sequence. Although a number of useful variant proteases have been developed for cleaning applications, there remains a need for improved subtilisin variants.

BRIEF SUMMARY

In one embodiment, the disclosure provides one or more subtilisin variants having at least 50% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, where the polypeptide has at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a Pat position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, and where the variant does not have an amino acid sequence identical to a naturally occurring molecule.

Other embodiments are directed to a subtilisin variant having at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an Rat position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the variant is derived from a parent or reference polypeptide having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or 15.

Still other embodiments are directed to a subtilisin variant having at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an Rat position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or 15.

Another embodiment is directed to a method of improving the stability of a subtilisin molecule, where the method comprises introducing into a polynucleotide encoding a subtilisin polypeptide, at least one substitution that results in a subtilisin polypeptide having at least three of the following features: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an Rat position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, and where the variant does not have an amino acid sequence identical to a naturally occurring molecule.

Yet another embodiment is directed to a composition comprising at least one subtilisin variant, where the at least one subtilisin variant has at least 50% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, where the polypeptide has at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an Rat position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, and where the variant does not have an amino acid sequence identical to a naturally occurring molecule.

Another embodiment is directed to a method of cleaning, comprising contacting a surface or an item in need of cleaning with at least one subtilisin variant, or a composition having at least one subtilisin variant, where the at least one subtilisin variant has at least 50% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, where the polypeptide has at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, and where the variant does not have an amino acid sequence identical to a naturally occurring molecule.

In another embodiment, one or more subtilisin variants are provided having a polypeptide sequence having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to BPN (SEQ ID NO: 1), where the polypeptide has at least three features selected from the group consisting of S003Q/V, S009E, S024Q, P040E, A069S, N076D, S078N, S087D, N118R, M124I, G128S, S145R, G166Q, S182E, Y217L/Q, N218S and D259P, where the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

In yet another embodiment, one or more subtilisin variants are provided having a polypeptide sequence having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to AprL (SEQ ID NO: 15), where the polypeptide has at least three features selected from the group consisting of T003V, P009E, A069S, T078N, S087D, M124I, G128Q/R/S, A129P, G166Q, S182E, N185Q, P210I, T211P, L217Q, N218S, and S259P, where the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

In still another embodiment, one or more subtilisin variants are provided having a polypeptide sequence having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to GG36 (SEQ ID NO: 2), where the polypeptide has at least three features selected from the group consisting of S003Q/TN, P040E, N076D, S078N, S087D, G118R, S128R, S166Q, Q182E, N185Q, P210I, G211P, L217Q, N218S, N248D, and S259P, where the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

In another embodiment, one or more subtilisin variants are provided having a polypeptide sequence having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to BG46 (SEQ ID NO: 10), wherein the polypeptide has at least three features selected from the group consisting of T003Q, T009E, S024Q, 5040E, N076D, N087D, N118R, S128Q/R, D129P, F1305, G166Q, Q182E, R185Q, P210I, M217L/Q, N218S, N248D, and N259P, wherein the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

Some further embodiments are directed to a composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein. Further embodiments are directed to a method of cleaning comprising contacting a surface or an item in need of cleaning with an effective amount of one or more subtilisin variant described herein or one or more composition described herein.

Still other embodiments are directed to a method for producing a variant described herein, comprising stably transforming a host cell with an expression vector comprising a polynucleotide encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein. Still further embodiments are directed to a polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 depicts one example of the location of a subset of beneficial sites listed in Table 9 on the structure of BPN′ subtilisin from B. amyloliquefaciens (PDB entry 2ST1). The main chain fold of BPN′ subtilisin is schematically represented in light gray, the catalytic triad is shown as gray spheres and the sites (numbered with respect to BPN′ subtilisin sequence, SEQ ID NO: 1) where stabilizing substitutions occur are shown as black stick figures.

FIG. 2 depicts one example of the location of a subset of beneficial sites listed in Table 9 on the structure of subtilisin Carlsberg from B. licheniformis (PDB entry 1CSE). The main chain fold of subtilisin Carlsberg is schematically represented in light gray, the catalytic triad is shown as gray spheres and the sites (numbered with respect to BPN′ subtilisin sequence, SEQ ID NO: 1) where stabilizing substitutions occur are shown as black stick figures.

FIG. 3 depicts one example of the location of a subset of beneficial sites listed in Table 9 on the structure of subtilisin from B. lentus (PDB entry 1JEA). The main chain fold of subtilisin from B. lentus is schematically represented in light gray, the catalytic triad is shown as gray spheres and the sites (numbered with respect to BPN′ subtilisin sequence, SEQ ID NO: 1) where stabilizing substitutions occur are shown as black stick figures.

FIG. 4 depicts one example of the location of a subset of beneficial sites listed in Table 9 on the structure of BSP-00801subtilisin from B. gibsonii clade (described in WO2016205755). The main chain fold of B. gibsonii-clade subtilisin is schematically represented in light gray, the catalytic triad is shown as gray spheres and the sites (numbered with respect to BPN′ subtilisin sequence, SEQ ID NO: 1) where stabilizing substitutions occur are shown as black stick figures. Wildtype amino acids of Bgi02446 are indicated using the single letter nomenclature.

FIG. 5 provides one example of a structural alignment of: BPN′ (B. amyloliquefaciens), AprL (B. licheniformis), GG36 (B. lentus), and Bgi02446 (B. gibsonii) using 3DM software. Residues that are structurally homologous are shown in upper case letters. Variable regions are shown in lower case letters for BPN′ and with a dash symbol for AprL, GG36, and Bgi02446. Positions listed in Table 9 are indicated with an asterisk ‘*’ symbol below the alignment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure provides subtilisin variants having amino acid sequences with combinations of three or more features (e.g. substitutions) at positions in the polypeptide sequence that provide for improved stability of the variant subtilisin when compared to a reference subtilisin lacking the combination of three or more features. As provided in more detail below, the features are found at combinations of positions selected from 3, 9, 24, 40, 69, 76, 78, 87, 118, 124, 128, 129, 130, 145, 166, 182, 185, 210, 211, 217, 218, 248, and 259 (positions are numbered by correspondence to the amino acid positions of BPN′ (SEQ ID NO: 1)) and include substitutions or, in some cases, combinations of wildtype amino acids and substitutions at the identified positions that provide improved stability in comparison to a parent or reference subtilisin polypeptide. Also provided are compositions (e.g. detergent compositions (e.g. dishwashing and laundry detergent compositions)) containing such subtilisin variants and methods using such variants and compositions.

Terms and abbreviations not defined should be accorded their ordinary meaning as used in the art. Unless defined otherwise herein, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Any definitions provided herein are to be interpreted in the context of the specification as a whole. As used herein, the singular “a,” “an” and “the” includes the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise indicated, nucleic acid sequences are written left to right in 5′ to 3′ orientation; and amino acid sequences are written left to right in amino to carboxy orientation. Each numerical range used herein includes every narrower numerical range that falls within such broader numerical range, as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.

As used herein in connection with a numerical value, the term “about” refers to a range of +/−0.5 of the numerical value, unless the term is otherwise specifically defined in context. For instance, the phrase a “pH value of about 6” refers to pH values of from 5.5 to 6.5, unless the pH value is specifically defined otherwise.

The nomenclature of the amino acid substitutions of the one or more subtilisin variants described herein uses one or more of the following: position; position:amino acid or amino acid substitution(s); or starting amino acid(s):position:amino acid substitution(s). Reference to a “position” (i.e. 5, 8, 17, 22, etc) encompasses any starting amino acid that may be present at such position, and any substitution that may be present at such position. Reference to a position can be recited in several forms, for example, position 003 can also be referred to as position 3. Reference to a “position: amino acid substitution(s)” (i.e. 1S/T/G, 3G, 17T, etc) encompasses any starting amino acid that may be present at such position and the one or more amino acid(s) with which such starting amino acid may be substituted. Reference to a starting or substituted amino acid may be further expressed as several starting, or substituted amino acids separated by a foreslash (“/”). For example, D275S/K indicates position 275 is substituted with serine (S) or lysine (K) and P/S197K indicates that starting amino acid proline (P) or serine (S) at position 197 is substituted with lysine (K). Reference to an X as the amino acid in a position, refers to any amino acid at the recited position.

Unless otherwise indicated, the position of an amino acid residue in a given amino acid sequence is numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1. That is, the amino acid sequence of BPN′ shown in SEQ ID NO:1 serves as a reference sequence. In one embodiment, the amino acid sequence of one or more subtilisin variant described herein is aligned with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 in accordance with FIG. 5 using an alignment algorithm as described herein, and each amino acid residue in the given amino acid sequence that aligns (preferably optimally aligns) with an amino acid residue in SEQ ID NO:1 is conveniently numbered by reference to the numerical position of that corresponding amino acid residue. Sequence alignment algorithms, such as, for example, those described herein will identify the location where insertions or deletions occur in a subject sequence when compared to a query sequence.

The terms “protease” and “proteinase” refer to an enzyme that has the ability to break down proteins and peptides. A protease has the ability to conduct “proteolysis,” by hydrolysis of peptide bonds that link amino acids together in a peptide or polypeptide chain forming the protein. This activity of a protease as a protein-digesting enzyme is referred to as “proteolytic activity.” Many well-known procedures exist for measuring proteolytic activity. For example, proteolytic activity may be ascertained by comparative assays that analyze the respective protease's ability to hydrolyze a suitable substrate. Exemplary substrates useful in the analysis of protease or proteolytic activity, include, but are not limited to, di-methyl casein (Sigma C-9801), bovine collagen (Sigma C-9879), bovine elastin (Sigma E-1625), and bovine keratin (ICN Biomedical 902111). Colorimetric assays utilizing these substrates are well known in the art (See e.g., WO99/34011 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,376,450). The pNA peptidyl assay (See e.g., Del Mar et al., Anal Biochem, 99:316-320, 1979) also finds use in determining the active enzyme concentration. This assay measures the rate at which p-nitroaniline is released as the enzyme hydrolyzes a soluble synthetic substrate, such as succinyl-alanine-alanine-proline-phenylalanine-p-nitroanilide (suc-AAPF-pNA). The rate of production of yellow color from the hydrolysis reaction is measured at 405 or 410 nm on a spectrophotometer and is proportional to the active enzyme concentration. In addition, absorbance measurements at 280 nanometers (nm) can be used to determine the total protein concentration in a sample of purified protein. The activity on substrate/protein concentration gives the enzyme specific activity.

The phrase “composition(s) substantially-free of boron” or “detergent(s) substantially-free of boron” refers to composition(s) or detergent(s), respectively, that contain trace amounts of boron, for example, less than about 1000 ppm (1 mg/kg or liter equals 1 ppm), less than about 100 ppm, less than about 50 ppm, less than about 10 ppm, or less than about 5 ppm, or less than about 1 ppm, perhaps from other compositions or detergent constituents.

As used herein, “the genus Bacillus” includes all species within the genus “Bacillus,” as known to those of skill in the art, including but not limited to B. subtilis, B. licheniformis, B. lentus, B. brevis, B. stearothermophilus, B. alkalophilus, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. clausii, B. halodurans, B. megaterium, B. coagulans, B. circulans, B. gibsonii, and B. thuringiensis. It is recognized that the genus Bacillus continues to undergo taxonomical reorganization. Thus, it is intended that the genus include species that have been reclassified, including but not limited to such organisms as B. stearothermophilus, which is now named “Geobacillus stearothermophilus”, or B. polymyxa, which is now “Paenibacillus polymyxa”. The production of resistant endospores under stressful environmental conditions is considered the defining feature of the genus Bacillus, although this characteristic also applies to the recently named Alicyclobacillus, Amphibacillus, Aneurinibacillus, Anoxybacillus, Brevibacillus, Filobacillus, Gracilibacillus, Halobacillus, Paenibacillus, Salibacillus, Thermobacillus, Ureibacillus, and Virgibacillus.

The term “vector” refers to a nucleic acid construct used to introduce or transfer nucleic acid(s) into a target cell or tissue. A vector is typically used to introduce foreign DNA into a cell or tissue. Vectors include plasmids, cloning vectors, bacteriophages, viruses (e.g., viral vector), cosmids, expression vectors, shuttle vectors, and the like. A vector typically includes an origin of replication, a multicloning site, and a selectable marker. The process of inserting a vector into a target cell is typically referred to as transformation. The present invention includes, in some embodiments, a vector that comprises a DNA sequence encoding a serine protease polypeptide (e.g., precursor or mature serine protease polypeptide) that is operably linked to a suitable prosequence (e.g., secretory, signal peptide sequence, etc.) capable of effecting the expression of the DNA sequence in a suitable host, and the folding and translocation of the recombinant polypeptide chain.

As used herein in the context of introducing a nucleic acid sequence into a cell, the term “introduced” refers to any method suitable for transferring the nucleic acid sequence into the cell. Such methods for introduction include but are not limited to protoplast fusion, transfection, transformation, electroporation, conjugation, and transduction. Transformation refers to the genetic alteration of a cell which results from the uptake, optional genomic incorporation, and expression of genetic material (e.g., DNA).

The term “expression” refers to the transcription and stable accumulation of sense (mRNA) or anti-sense RNA, derived from a nucleic acid molecule of the disclosure. Expression may also refer to translation of mRNA into a polypeptide. Thus, the term “expression” includes any step involved in the “production of the polypeptide” including, but not limited to, transcription, post-transcriptional modifications, translation, post-translational modifications, secretion and the like.

The phrases “expression cassette” or “expression vector” refer to a nucleic acid construct or vector generated recombinantly or synthetically for the expression of a nucleic acid of interest (e.g., a foreign nucleic acid or transgene) in a target cell. The nucleic acid of interest typically expresses a protein of interest. An expression vector or expression cassette typically comprises a promoter nucleotide sequence that drives or promotes expression of the foreign nucleic acid. The expression vector or cassette also typically includes other specified nucleic acid elements that permit transcription of a particular nucleic acid in a target cell. A recombinant expression cassette can be incorporated into a plasmid, chromosome, mitochondrial DNA, plastid DNA, virus, or nucleic acid fragment. Some expression vectors have the ability to incorporate and express heterologous DNA fragments in a host cell or genome of the host cell. Many prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression vectors are commercially available. Selection of appropriate expression vectors for expression of a protein from a nucleic acid sequence incorporated into the expression vector is within the knowledge of those of skill in the art.

As used herein, a nucleic acid is “operably linked” with another nucleic acid sequence when it is placed into a functional relationship with another nucleic acid sequence. For example, a promoter or enhancer is operably linked to a nucleotide coding sequence if the promoter affects the transcription of the coding sequence. A ribosome binding site may be operably linked to a coding sequence if it is positioned so as to facilitate translation of the coding sequence. Typically, “operably linked” DNA sequences are contiguous. However, enhancers do not have to be contiguous. Linking is accomplished by ligation at convenient restriction sites. If such sites do not exist, synthetic oligonucleotide adaptors or linkers may be used in accordance with conventional practice.

The term “gene” refers to a polynucleotide (e.g., a DNA segment), that encodes a polypeptide and includes regions preceding and following the coding regions. In some instances a gene includes intervening sequences (introns) between individual coding segments (exons).

The term “recombinant”, when used with reference to a cell typically indicates that the cell has been modified by the introduction of a foreign nucleic acid sequence or that the cell is derived from a cell so modified. For example, a recombinant cell may comprise a gene not found in identical form within the native (non-recombinant) form of the cell, or a recombinant cell may comprise a native gene (found in the native form of the cell) that has been modified and re-introduced into the cell. A recombinant cell may comprise a nucleic acid endogenous to the cell that has been modified without removing the nucleic acid from the cell; such modifications include those obtained by gene replacement, site-specific mutation, and related techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Recombinant DNA technology includes techniques for the production of recombinant DNA in vitro and transfer of the recombinant DNA into cells where it may be expressed or propagated, thereby producing a recombinant polypeptide. “Recombination” and “recombining” of polynucleotides or nucleic acids refer generally to the assembly or combining of two or more nucleic acid or polynucleotide strands or fragments to generate a new polynucleotide or nucleic acid.

A nucleic acid or polynucleotide is said to “encode” a polypeptide if, in its native state or when manipulated by methods known to those of skill in the art, it can be transcribed and/or translated to produce the polypeptide or a fragment thereof. The anti-sense strand of such a nucleic acid is also said to encode the sequence.

The terms “host strain” and “host cell” refer to a suitable host for an expression vector comprising a DNA sequence of interest.

A “protein” or “polypeptide” comprises a polymeric sequence of amino acid residues. The terms “protein” and “polypeptide” are used interchangeably herein. The single and three-letter code for amino acids as defined in conformity with the IUPAC-IUB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (JCBN) is used throughout this disclosure. The single letter X refers to any of the twenty amino acids. It is also understood that a polypeptide may be coded for by more than one nucleotide sequence due to the degeneracy of the genetic code.

The terms “prosequence” or “propeptide sequence” refer to an amino acid sequence between the signal peptide sequence and mature protease sequence that is involved in the proper folding and secretion of the protease; they are sometimes referred to as intramolecular chaperones. Cleavage of the prosequence or propeptide sequence results in a mature active protease. Bacterial serine proteases are often expressed as pro-enzymes. Examples of modified propeptides are provided, for example, in WO 2016/205710.

The terms “signal sequence” and “signal peptide” refer to a sequence of amino acid residues that may participate in the secretion or direct transport of the mature or precursor form of a protein. The signal sequence is typically located N-terminal to the precursor or mature protein sequence. The signal sequence may be endogenous or exogenous. A signal sequence is normally absent from the mature protein. A signal sequence is typically cleaved from the protein by a signal peptidase after the protein is transported.

The term “mature” form of a protein, polypeptide, or peptide refers to the functional form of the protein, polypeptide, or peptide without the signal peptide sequence and propeptide sequence.

The term “precursor” form of a protein or peptide refers to a mature form of the protein having a prosequence operably linked to the amino or carbonyl terminus of the protein. The precursor may also have a “signal” sequence operably linked to the amino terminus of the prosequence. The precursor may also have additional polypeptides that are involved in post-translational activity (e.g., polypeptides cleaved therefrom to leave the mature form of a protein or peptide).

The term “wildtype”, with respect to a polypeptide, refers to a naturally-occurring polypeptide that does not include a man-made substitution, insertion, or deletion at one or more amino acid positions. Similarly, the term “wildtype”, with respect to a polynucleotide, refers to a naturally-occurring polynucleotide that does not include a man-made substitution, insertion, or deletion at one or more nucleotides. A polynucleotide encoding a wildtype polypeptide is, however, not limited to a naturally-occurring polynucleotide, and encompasses any polynucleotide encoding the wildtype or parental polypeptide.

The term “parent”, with respect to a polypeptide, includes reference to a naturally-occurring, or wildtype, polypeptide or to a naturally-occurring polypeptide in which a man-made substitution, insertion, or deletion at one or more amino acid positions has been made. The term “parent” with respect to a polypeptide also includes any polypeptide that has protease activity that serves as the starting polypeptide for alteration, such as substitutions, additions, and/or deletions, to result in a variant having one or more alterations in comparison to the starting polypeptide. That is, a parental, or reference polypeptide is not limited to a naturally-occurring wildtype polypeptide, and encompasses any wildtype, parental, or reference polypeptide. Similarly, the term “parent,” with respect to a polynucleotide, can refer to a naturally-occurring polynucleotide or to a polynucleotide that does include a man-made substitution, insertion, or deletion at one or more nucleotides. The term “parent” with respect to a polynucleotide also includes any polynucleotide that encodes a polypeptide having protease activity that serves as the starting polynucleotide for alteration to result in a variant protease having a modification, such as substitutions, additions, and/or deletions, in comparison to the starting polynucleotide. That is, a polynucleotide encoding a wildtype, parental, or reference polypeptide is not limited to a naturally-occurring polynucleotide, and encompasses any polynucleotide encoding the wildtype, parental, or reference polypeptide.

The term “naturally-occurring” refers to, for example, a sequence and residues contained therein (e.g., polypeptide sequence and amino acids contained therein or nucleic acid sequence and nucleotides contained therein) that are found in nature. Conversely, the term “non-naturally occurring” refers to, for example, a sequence and residues contained therein (e.g., polypeptide sequences and amino acids contained therein or nucleic acid sequence and nucleotides contained therein) that are not found in nature.

As used herein with regard to amino acid residue positions, “corresponding to” or “corresponds to” or “corresponds” refers to an amino acid residue at the enumerated position in a protein or peptide, or an amino acid residue that is analogous, homologous, or equivalent to an enumerated residue in a protein or peptide. As used herein, “corresponding region” generally refers to an analogous position in a related protein or a reference protein.

The terms “derived from” and “obtained from” refer to not only a protein produced or producible by a strain of the organism in question, but also a protein encoded by a DNA sequence isolated from such strain and produced in a host organism containing such DNA sequence. Additionally, the term refers to a protein which is encoded by a DNA sequence of synthetic and/or cDNA origin and which has the identifying characteristics of the protein in question. To exemplify, “proteases derived from Bacillus” refers to those enzymes having proteolytic activity that are naturally produced by Bacillus, as well as to serine proteases like those produced by Bacillus sources but which through the use of genetic engineering techniques are produced by other host cells transformed with a nucleic acid encoding the serine proteases.

The term “identical” in the context of two polynucleotide or polypeptide sequences refers to nucleotides or amino acids in the two sequences that are the same when aligned for maximum correspondence, as measured using sequence comparison or analysis algorithms described below and known in the art.

The phrases “% identity” or percent identity” or “PID” refer to protein sequence identity. Percent identity may be determined using standard techniques known in the art. The percent amino acid identity shared by sequences of interest can be determined by aligning the sequences to directly compare the sequence information, e.g., by using a program such as BLAST, MUSCLE, or CLUSTAL. The BLAST algorithm is described, for example, in Altschul et al., J Mol Biol, 215:403-410 (1990) and Karlin et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90:5873-5787 (1993). A percent (%) amino acid sequence identity value is determined by the number of matching identical residues divided by the total number of residues of the “reference” sequence including any gaps created by the program for optimal/maximum alignment. BLAST algorithms refer to the “reference” sequence as the “query” sequence.

As used herein, “homologous proteins” or “homologous proteases” refers to proteins that have distinct similarity in primary, secondary, and/or tertiary structure. Protein homology can refer to the similarity in linear amino acid sequence when proteins are aligned. Homology can be determined by amino acid sequence alignment, e.g., using a program such as BLAST, MUSCLE, or CLUSTAL. Homologous search of protein sequences can be done using BLASTP and PSI-BLAST from NCBI BLAST with threshold (E-value cut-off) at 0.001. (Altschul et al., “Gapped BLAST and PSI BLAST a new generation of protein database search programs”, Nucleic Acids Res, Set 1; 25(17):3389-402(1997)). The BLAST program uses several search parameters, most of which are set to the default values. The NCBI BLAST algorithm finds the most relevant sequences in terms of biological similarity but is not recommended for query sequences of less than 20 residues (Altschul et al., Nucleic Acids Res, 25:3389-3402, 1997 and Schaffer et al., Nucleic Acids Res, 29:2994-3005, 2001). Exemplary default BLAST parameters for a nucleic acid sequence searches include: Neighboring words threshold=11; E-value cutoff=10; Scoring Matrix=NUC.3.1 (match=1, mismatch=−3); Gap Opening=5; and Gap Extension=2. Exemplary default BLAST parameters for amino acid sequence searches include: Word size=3; E-value cutoff=10; Scoring Matrix=BLOSUM62; Gap Opening=11; and Gap extension=1. Using this information, protein sequences can be grouped and/or a phylogenetic tree built therefrom. Amino acid sequences can be entered in a program such as the Vector NTI Advance suite and a Guide Tree can be created using the Neighbor Joining (NJ) method (Saitou and Nei, Mol Biol Evol, 4:406-425, 1987). The tree construction can be calculated using Kimura's correction for sequence distance and ignoring positions with gaps. A program such as AlignX can display the calculated distance values in parentheses following the molecule name displayed on the phylogenetic tree.

In embodiments where three-dimensional structures of proteins have been determined or homology models created, structurally homologous amino acid positions between two or more molecules can be determined. For molecules with significant structural similarities, it might be expected that introducing substitutions that confer improvement in one molecule at structurally homologous sites in another molecule could confer similar improvements in performance and/or stability to these molecules. Structurally homologous amino acid positions can be identified by performing a structural alignment, which attempts to determine homology between two or more protein structures based on their shape and three-dimensional conformation. Structural alignment can produce a superposition of the atomic coordinate sets and a minimal root mean square deviation between the structures. Examples of methods for creating structural alignments are the distance alignment matrix method (DALI) (Holm L, Sander C (1996) “Mapping the protein universe”, Science, 273 (5275): 595-603), combinatorial extension (CE) (Shindyalov, I. N.; Bourne P. E. (1998) “Protein structure alignment by incremental combinatorial extension (CE) of the optimal path”, Protein Engineering, 11 (9): 739-747), and Sequential Structure Alignment Program (S SAP) (Taylor W R, Flores T P, Orengo C A (1994) “Multiple protein structure alignment”, Protein Sci., 3 (10): 1858-70). By combining multiple sequence alignments with structural alignments, structurally homologous amino acid positions can be identified in molecules for which the three-dimensional structure has not been determined. Examples of methods for creating multiple sequence alignment-based structural alignments are 3DCoffee (Poirot 0 et al (2004) “3DCoffee@igs: a web server for combining sequences and structures into a multiple sequence alignment” Nucleic Acids Res., 2004 Jul. 1; 32:W37-40), PROMALS3D (Pei J et al. (2008) “PROMALS3D: a tool for multiple protein sequence and structure alignments.” Nucleic Acids Res., 36(7):2295-300), and 3DM (Kuipers, R K et al (2010) “3DM: Systematic analysis of heterogeneous superfamily data to discover protein functionalities” Proteins, 78(9):2101-13). Understanding the homology between molecules can reveal the evolutionary history of the molecules, as well as information about their function; if a newly sequenced protein is homologous to an already characterized protein, there is a strong indication of the new protein's biochemical function. Two molecules are said to be homologous if they have been derived from a common ancestor. Homologous molecules, or homologs, can be divided into two classes, paralogs and orthologs. Paralogs are homologs that are present within one species. Paralogs often differ in their detailed biochemical functions. Orthologs are homologs that are present within different species and have very similar or identical functions. A protein superfamily is the largest grouping (clade) of proteins for which common ancestry can be inferred. Usually this common ancestry is based on sequence alignment and mechanistic similarity. Superfamilies typically contain several protein families which show sequence similarity within the family. The term “protein clan” is commonly used for protease superfamilies based on the MEROPS protease classification system. As used herein, the term “subtilisin” includes any member of the S8 serine protease family as described in MEROPS—The Peptidase Data base (Rawlings, N. D. et al (2016) Twenty years of the MEROPS database of proteolytic enzymes, their substrates and inhibitors. Nucleic Acids Res 44, D343-D350).

The CLUSTAL W algorithm is another example of a sequence alignment algorithm (See, Thompson et al., Nucleic Acids Res, 22:4673-4680, 1994). Default parameters for the CLUSTAL W algorithm include: Gap opening penalty=10.0; Gap extension penalty=0.05; Protein weight matrix=BLOSUM series; DNA weight matrix=IUB; Delay divergent sequences %=40; Gap separation distance=8; DNA transitions weight=0.50; List hydrophilic residues=GPSNDQEKR; Use negative matrix=OFF; Toggle Residue specific penalties=ON; Toggle hydrophilic penalties=ON; and Toggle end gap separation penalty=OFF. In CLUSTAL algorithms, deletions occurring at either terminus are included. For example, a variant with a five amino acid deletion at either terminus (or within the polypeptide) of a polypeptide of 500 amino acids would have a percent sequence identity of 99% (495/500 identical residues×100) relative to the “reference” polypeptide. Such a variant would be encompassed by a variant having “at least 99% sequence identity” to the polypeptide.

A nucleic acid or polynucleotide is “isolated” when it is at least partially or completely separated from other components, including but not limited to for example, other proteins, nucleic acids, cells, etc. Similarly, a polypeptide, protein or peptide is “isolated” when it is at least partially or completely separated from other components, including but not limited to for example, other proteins, nucleic acids, cells, etc. On a molar basis, an isolated species is more abundant than are other species in a composition. For example, an isolated species may comprise at least about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 100% (on a molar basis) of all macromolecular species present. Preferably, the species of interest is purified to essential homogeneity (i.e., contaminant species cannot be detected in the composition by conventional detection methods). Purity and homogeneity can be determined using a number of techniques well known in the art, such as agarose or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of a nucleic acid or a protein sample, respectively, followed by visualization upon staining. If desired, a high-resolution technique, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or a similar means can be utilized for purification of the material.

The term “purified” as applied to nucleic acids or polypeptides generally denotes a nucleic acid or polypeptide that is essentially free from other components as determined by analytical techniques well known in the art (e.g., a purified polypeptide or polynucleotide forms a discrete band in an electrophoretic gel, chromatographic eluate, and/or a media subjected to density gradient centrifugation). For example, a nucleic acid or polypeptide that gives rise to essentially one band in an electrophoretic gel is “purified.” A purified nucleic acid or polypeptide is at least about 50% pure, usually at least about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, about 99.5%, about 99.6%, about 99.7%, about 99.8% or more pure (e.g., percent by weight on a molar basis). In a related sense, a composition is enriched for a molecule when there is a substantial increase in the concentration of the molecule after application of a purification or enrichment technique. The term “enriched” refers to a compound, polypeptide, cell, nucleic acid, amino acid, or other specified material or component that is present in a composition at a relative or absolute concentration that is higher than in a starting composition.

The term “cleaning activity” refers to a cleaning performance achieved by a serine protease polypeptide or reference subtilisin under conditions prevailing during the proteolytic, hydrolyzing, cleaning, or other process of the disclosure. In some embodiments, cleaning performance of a serine protease or reference subtilisin may be determined by using various assays for cleaning one or more enzyme sensitive stain on an item or surface (e.g., a stain resulting from food, grass, blood, ink, milk, oil, and/or egg protein). Cleaning performance of one or more subtilisin variant described herein or reference subtilisin can be determined by subjecting the stain on the item or surface to standard wash condition(s) and assessing the degree to which the stain is removed by using various chromatographic, spectrophotometric, or other quantitative methodologies. Exemplary cleaning assays and methods are known in the art and include, but are not limited to those described in WO99/34011 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,605,458, as well as those cleaning assays and methods included in the Examples provided below.

The terms “stable” and “stability” with regard to a protease variant refer to a protease that retains a greater amount of residual activity when compared to the parent or reference protease after exposure to altered temperatures over a given period of time under conditions (or “stress conditions”) prevailing during proteolytic, hydrolysing, cleaning or other process. Residual activity is the amount of activity remaining after the test compared to the initial activity of the sample and can be reported as a percentage e.g. % remaining activity. “Altered temperatures” encompass increased or decreased temperatures. In some embodiments, the proteases retain at least about 25%, about 30%, about 35%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, about 92%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, or about 99% proteolytic activity (residual activity) after exposure to altered temperatures over a given time period, for example, at least about 20 minutes, at least about 40 minutes, at least about 60 minutes, about 90 minutes, about 120 minutes, about 180 minutes, about 240 minutes, about 300 minutes, about 360 minutes, about 420 minutes, about 480 minutes, about 540 minutes, about 600 minutes, about 660 minutes, about 720 minutes, about 780 minutes, about 840 minutes, about 900 minutes, about 960 minutes, about 1020 minutes, about 1080 minutes, about 1140 minutes, or about 1200 minutes.

Alternatively, the terms “stable” and “stability” with regard to a protease variant also refer to a protease that, after exposure to altered temperatures over a given period of time under conditions (or “stress conditions”) prevailing during proteolytic, hydrolysing, cleaning or other process, retains a higher residual activity than a parent, or reference, protease. “Altered temperatures” encompass increased or decreased temperatures. A stability Performance Index (PI) for a variant protease can be obtained by dividing the residual activity of the variant protease by the residual activity of the parent, or reference, protease. In some embodiments, the protease variants have a PI of about 1.1, about 1.2, about 1.3, about 1.4, about 1.5, about 2, about 2.5, about 3, about 4, or higher than 4, after exposure to altered temperatures over a given time period, for example, at least about 20 minutes, at least about 40 minutes, at least about 60 minutes, about 90 minutes, about 120 minutes, about 180 minutes, about 240 minutes, about 300 minutes, about 360 minutes, about 420 minutes, about 480 minutes, about 540 minutes, about 600 minutes, about 660 minutes, about 720 minutes, about 780 minutes, about 840 minutes, about 900 minutes, about 960 minutes, about 1020 minutes, about 1080 minutes, about 1140 minutes, or about 1200 minutes.

Alternatively, the terms “stable” and “stability” with regard to a protease variant also refer to a protease that, after exposure to altered temperatures over a given period of time under conditions (or “stress conditions”) prevailing during proteolytic, hydrolysing, cleaning or other process, exhibits longer half-lives for inactivation (T_(1/2)) than a parent, or reference, protease. “Altered temperatures” encompass increased or decreased temperatures. “Half-lives for inactivation” with regard to a protease variant refers to the time period after which the protease retains one half of the initial enzymatic activity, as illustrated in Example 2. In some embodiments, the half-life for inactivation is greater than 1 hour at 40 degrees C. in 100% CNS detergent.

The term “stability” includes storage stability and stability during use, e.g. during a wash process and reflects the stability of the subtilisin variant according to the invention as a function of time, e.g. how much activity is retained when the subtilisin variants is kept in solution in particular in a detergent solution. The stability is influenced by many factors e.g. pH, temperature, detergent composition, e.g. amount of builder, surfactant, water content, protease inhibitors/stabilizers etc. The stability of the subtilisin variant may be measured using the assays described in Examples 2 and 7. The term “improved stability” or “increased stability” is defined herein as a variant subtilisin displaying an increased stability in solutions, relative to the stability of the parent subtilisin. The terms “improved stability” and “increased stability” includes “improved chemical stability” or “improved detergent stability”.

The term “improved detergent stability” is defined herein as a variant subtilisin displaying retention of enzymatic activity after a period of incubation in the presence of a detergent or chemical component of a detergent, which reduces the enzymatic activity of the parent enzyme. Improved detergent stability may also result in variants being more able to catalyze a reaction in the presence of such detergent or chemical components. The term “detergent stability” or “improved detergent stability” is in particular an improved stability of the protease activity when a subtilisin variant of the present invention is mixed into a liquid detergent formulation and incubated at temperatures between 40 and 72° C., e.g. 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70° C.

The term “enhanced stability” or “improved stability” in the context of an oxidation, chelator, denaturant, surfactant, thermal and/or pH stable protease refers to a higher retained proteolytic activity over time as compared to a reference protease, for example, a wildtype protease or parent protease. Autolysis has been identified as one mode of subtilisin activity loss in liquid detergents. (Stoner et al., 2004 Protease autolysis in heavy-duty liquid detergent formulations: effects of thermodynamic stabilizers and protease inhibitors, Enzyme and Microbial Technology 34:114-125.)

The term “effective amount” of one or more subtilisin variant described herein or reference subtilisin refers to the amount of protease that achieves a desired level of enzymatic activity in a specific cleaning composition. Such effective amounts are readily ascertained by one of ordinary skill in the art and are based on many factors, such as the particular protease used, the cleaning application, the specific composition of the cleaning composition, and whether a liquid or dry (e.g., granular, tablet, bar) composition is required, etc.

The term “adjunct material” refers to any liquid, solid, or gaseous material included in a cleaning composition, other than one or more subtilisin variant described herein, or recombinant polypeptide or active fragment thereof. In some embodiments, the cleaning compositions of the present disclosure include one or more cleaning adjunct materials. Each cleaning adjunct material is typically selected depending on the particular type and form of cleaning composition (e.g., liquid, granule, powder, bar, paste, spray, tablet, gel, foam, or other composition). Preferably, each cleaning adjunct material is compatible with the protease enzyme used in the composition.

Cleaning compositions and cleaning formulations include any composition that is suited for cleaning, bleaching, disinfecting, and/or sterilizing any object, item, and/or surface. Such compositions and formulations include, but are not limited to, for example, liquid and/or solid compositions, including cleaning or detergent compositions (e.g., liquid, tablet, gel, bar, granule, and/or solid laundry cleaning or detergent compositions and fine fabric detergent compositions); hard surface cleaning compositions and formulations, such as for glass, wood, ceramic and metal counter tops and windows; carpet cleaners; oven cleaners; fabric fresheners; fabric softeners; and textile, laundry booster cleaning or detergent compositions, laundry additive cleaning compositions, and laundry pre-spotter cleaning compositions; dishwashing compositions, including hand or manual dishwashing compositions (e.g., “hand” or “manual” dishwashing detergents) and automatic dishwashing compositions (e.g., “automatic dishwashing detergents”). Single dosage unit forms also find use with the present invention, including but not limited to pills, tablets, gelcaps, or other single dosage units such as pre-measured powders or liquids.

Cleaning composition or cleaning formulations, as used herein, include, unless otherwise indicated, granular or powder-form all-purpose or heavy-duty washing agents, especially cleaning detergents; liquid, granular, gel, solid, tablet, paste, or unit dosage form all-purpose washing agents, especially the so-called heavy-duty liquid (HDL) detergent or heavy-duty dry (HDD) detergent types; liquid fine-fabric detergents; hand or manual dishwashing agents, including those of the high-foaming type; hand or manual dishwashing, automatic dishwashing (ADW), or dishware or tableware washing agents, including the various tablet, powder, solid, granular, liquid, gel, and rinse-aid types for household and institutional use; liquid cleaning and disinfecting agents, including antibacterial hand-wash types, cleaning bars, mouthwashes, denture cleaners, car shampoos, carpet shampoos, bathroom cleaners; hair shampoos and/or hair-rinses for humans and other animals; shower gels and foam baths and metal cleaners; as well as cleaning auxiliaries, such as bleach additives and “stain-stick” or pre-treat types. In some embodiments, granular compositions are in “compact” form; in some embodiments, liquid compositions are in a “concentrated” form.

The term “detergent composition” or “detergent formulation” is used in reference to a composition intended for use in a wash medium for the cleaning of soiled or dirty objects, including particular fabric and/or non-fabric objects or items. In some embodiments, the detergents of the disclosure comprise one or more subtilisin variant described herein and, in addition, one or more surfactants, transferase(s), hydrolytic enzymes, oxido reductases, builders (e.g., a builder salt), bleaching agents, bleach activators, bluing agents, fluorescent dyes, caking inhibitors, masking agents, enzyme stabilizers, calcium, enzyme activators, antioxidants, and/or solubilizers. In some instances, a builder salt is a mixture of a silicate salt and a phosphate salt, preferably with more silicate (e.g., sodium metasilicate) than phosphate (e.g., sodium tripolyphosphate). Some embodiments are directed to cleaning compositions or detergent compositions that do not contain any phosphate (e.g., phosphate salt or phosphate builder).

The term “bleaching” refers to the treatment of a material (e.g., fabric, laundry, pulp, etc.) or surface for a sufficient length of time and/or under appropriate pH and/or temperature conditions to effect a brightening (i.e., whitening) and/or cleaning of the material. Examples of chemicals suitable for bleaching include, but are not limited to, for example, ClO2, H₂O₂, peracids, NO₂, etc. Bleaching agents also include enzymatic bleaching agents such as perhydrolase and arylesterases. Another embodiment is directed to a composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein, and one or more perhydrolase, such as, for example, is described in WO2005/056782, WO2007/106293, WO 2008/063400, WO2008/106214, and WO2008/106215.

The term “wash performance” of a protease (e.g., one or more subtilisin variant described herein, or recombinant polypeptide or active fragment thereof) refers to the contribution of one or more subtilisin variant described herein to washing that provides additional cleaning performance to the detergent as compared to the detergent without the addition of the one or more subtilisin variant described herein to the composition. Wash performance is compared under relevant washing conditions. In some test systems, other relevant factors, such as detergent composition, sud concentration, water hardness, washing mechanics, time, pH, and/or temperature, can be controlled in such a way that condition(s) typical for household application in a certain market segment (e.g., hand or manual dishwashing, automatic dishwashing, dishware cleaning, tableware cleaning, fabric cleaning, etc.) are imitated.

The phrase “relevant washing conditions” is used herein to indicate the conditions, particularly washing temperature, time, washing mechanics, sud concentration, type of detergent and water hardness, actually used in households in a hand dishwashing, automatic dishwashing, or laundry detergent market segment.

The term “disinfecting” refers to the removal of contaminants from the surfaces, as well as the inhibition or killing of microbes on the surfaces of items.

The term “compact” form of the cleaning compositions herein is best reflected by density and, in terms of composition, by the amount of inorganic filler salt. Inorganic filler salts are conventional ingredients of detergent compositions in powder form. In conventional detergent compositions, the filler salts are present in substantial amounts, typically about 17 to about 35% by weight of the total composition. In contrast, in compact compositions, the filler salt is present in amounts not exceeding about 15% of the total composition. In some embodiments, the filler salt is present in amounts that do not exceed about 10%, or more preferably, about 5%, by weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the inorganic filler salts are selected from the alkali and alkaline-earth-metal salts of sulfates and chlorides. In some embodiments, the filler salt is sodium sulfate.

Disclosed herein is one or more subtilisin variants useful, for example, in cleaning compositions and applications and in methods of cleaning, as well as in a variety of industrial applications. Disclosed herein is one or more isolated, recombinant, substantially pure, or non-naturally occurring subtilisin variants. In some embodiments, one or more subtilisin variants described herein is useful in cleaning applications and can be incorporated into cleaning compositions that are useful in methods of cleaning an item or a surface in need thereof.

In one embodiment, the disclosure provides one or more subtilisin variants having at least 50% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, where the polypeptide has at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a Pat position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, and where the variant does not have an amino acid sequence identical to a naturally occurring molecule.

Other embodiments are directed to a subtilisin variant having at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an Rat position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered in correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the variant is derived from a parent or reference polypeptide having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or 15.

Still other embodiments are directed to a subtilisin variant having at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an Rat position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or 15.

Further embodiments are directed to subtilisin variants having at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a T or V at position 3; an E at position 9; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; a Q at position 185; an L at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the positions are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, where the variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or 15.

In another embodiment, subtilisin variants have at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a V at position 3; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; an Rat position 118; a Q or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; a Q at position 185; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259 where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or 15.

In another embodiment, subtilisin variants have at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a V at position 3; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; an Rat position 118; a Q or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; a Q at position 185; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259 where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the features are substitutions, and where the variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or 15.

In another embodiment, subtilisin variants have at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q at position 3; a Q at position 24; a D at position 87; an R at position 128; an E at position 182; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; and a Q at position 217 where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or 15.

In another embodiment, subtilisin variants have at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: an E at position 9; an E at position 40; a D at position 76; an R at position 128; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; and an S at position 218 where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or 15.

Still other embodiments are directed to a subtilisin variant having at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an Rat position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 8′7%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. In some such embodiments, the subtilisin variant having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to BPN′ (SEQ ID NO: 1), has at least three features selected from the group consisting of S003Q/V, S009E, S024Q, P040E, A069S, N076D, S078N, S087D, N118R, M124I, G128S, S145R, G166Q, S182E, Y217L/Q, N218S and D259P, where the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

Still other embodiments are directed to a subtilisin variant having at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an Rat position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. In some such embodiments, the subtilisin variant having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to GG36 (SEQ ID NO: 2), has at least three features selected from the group consisting of S003Q/T/V, P040E, N076D, S078N, S087D, G118R, S128R, S166Q, Q182E, N185Q, P210I, G211P, L217Q, N218S, N248D, and S259P, where the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

Still other embodiments are directed to a subtilisin variant having at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an Rat position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10. In some such embodiments, the subtilisin variant having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to BG46 (SEQ ID NO: 10), has at least three features selected from the group consisting of T003Q, T009E, S024Q, 5040E, N076D, N087D, N118R, S128Q/R, D129P, F1305, G166Q, Q182E, R185Q, P210I, M217L/Q, N218S, N248D, and N259P, where the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

Still other embodiments are directed to a subtilisin variant having at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an Rat position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, where the variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15. In some such embodiments, the subtilisin variant having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to AprL (SEQ ID NO: 15), has at least three features selected from the group consisting of T003V, P009E, A069S, T078N, S087D, M124I, G128Q/R/S, A129P, G166Q, S182E, N185Q, P210I, T211P, L217Q, N218S, and S259P, where the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

The subtilisin variants provided herein can have 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, or 23 of the recited features. In some embodiments, where the recited feature is a wildtype amino acid in a given parent or reference subtilisin polypeptide, at least one of the other features is a substitution relative to the reference subtilisin polypeptide, resulting in a variant subtilisin polypeptide sequence not found in nature.

In other embodiments, the subtilisin variants disclosed herein contain a combination of three or more features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a Pat position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the combination of three or more features are selected from the group consisting of X076D-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X078N-X218S, X076D-X218S-X248D, X003V-X076D-X218S, X040E-X076D-X218S, X078N-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X078N-X166Q, X076D-X218S-X259P, X076D-X185Q-X218S, X009E-X076D-X218S, X166Q-X218S-X248D, X076D-X166Q-X248D, X003V-X166Q-X218S, X003V-X076D-X166Q, X040E-X166Q-X218S, X040E-X076D-X166Q, X128Q-X076D-X218S, X166Q-X218S-X259P, X076D-X166Q-X259P, X166Q-X185Q-X218S, X076D-X166Q-X185Q, X009E-X166Q-X218S, X009E-X076D-X166Q, X076D-X118R-X218S, X003Q-X076D-X218S, X076D-X129P-X218S, X076D-X130S-X218S, X078N-X218S-X248D, X076D-X078N-X248D, X003V-X078N-X218S, X003V-X076D-X078N, X076D-X087D-X218S, X128Q-X166Q-X218S, X128Q-X076D-X166Q, X040E-X078N-X218S, X040E-X076D-X078N, X118R-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X118R-X166Q, X003Q-X166Q-X218S, X003Q-X076D-X166Q, X078N-X218S-X259P, X076D-X078N-X259P, X129P-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X129P-X166Q, X078N-X185Q-X218S, X076D-X078N-X185Q, X009E-X078N-X218S, X009E-X076D-X078N, X128S-X076D-X218S, X130S-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X130S-X166Q, X003V-X218S-X248D, X003V-X076D-X248D, X217Q-X076D-X218S, X217L-X076D-X218S, X040E-X218S-X248D, X040E-X076D-X248D, X003V-X040E-X218S, X003V-X040E-X076D, X078N-X166Q-X248D, X003V-X078N-X166Q, X087D-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X087D-X166Q, X218S-X248D-X259P, X076D-X248D-X259P, X003V-X218S-X259P, X003V-X076D-X259P, X185Q-X218S-X248D, X076D-X185Q-X248D, X040E-X078N-X166Q, X009E-X218S-X248D, X003V-X185Q-X218S, X009E-X076D-X248D, X003V-X076D-X185Q, X003V-X009E-X218S, X003V-X009E-X076D, X040E-X218S-X259P, X040E-X076D-X259P, X076D-X210I-X218S, X040E-X185Q-X218S, X040E-X076D-X185Q, X069S-X076D-X218S, X009E-X040E-X218S, X009E-X040E-X076D, X128Q-X078N-X218S, X128Q-X076D-X078N, X078N-X166Q-X259P, X076D-X182E-X218S, X078N-X166Q-X185Q, X009E-X078N-X166Q, X128S-X166Q-X218S, X128S-X076D-X166Q, X128R-X076D-X218S, X078N-X118R-X218S, X076D-X078N-X118R, X185Q-X218S-X259P, X076D-X185Q-X259P, X009E-X218S-X259P, X009E-X076D-X259P, X009E-X185Q-X218S, X009E-X076D-X185Q, X003Q-X078N-X218S, X003Q-X076D-X078N, X078N-X129P-X218S, X003V-X166Q-X248D, X076D-X078N-X129P, X076D-X145R-X218S, X217Q-X166Q-X218S, X217Q-X076D-X166Q, X217L-X166Q-X218S, X217L-X076D-X166Q, X040E-X166Q-X248D, X003V-X040E-X166Q, X078N-X130S-X218S, X076D-X078N-X130S, X024Q-X076D-X218S, X128Q-X218S-X248D, X128Q-X076D-X248D, X166Q-X248D-X259P, X003V-X128Q-X218S, X003V-X128Q-X076D, X003V-X166Q-X259P, X166Q-X185Q-X248D, X009E-X166Q-X248D, X003V-X166Q-X185Q, X003V-X009E-X166Q, X076D-X118R-X248D, X003V-X118R-X218S, X003V-X076D-X118R, X128Q-X040E-X218S, X128Q-X040E-X076D, X040E-X166Q-X259P, X166Q-X210I-X218S, X076D-X166Q-X210I, X040E-X166Q-X185Q, X069S-X166Q-X218S, X069S-X076D-X166Q, X009E-X040E-X166Q, X078N-X087D-X218S, X003Q-X218S-X248D, X076D-X078N-X087D, X003Q-X076D-X248D, X129P-X218S-X248D, X076D-X129P-X248D, X003T-X076D-X218S, X040E-X118R-X218S, X128Q-X078N-X166Q, X040E-X076D-X118R, X003V-X129P-X218S, X003V-X076D-X129P, X166Q-X182E-X218S, X076D-X166Q-X182E, X128R-X166Q-X218S, X128R-X076D-X166Q, X003Q-X040E-X218S, X003Q-X040E-X076D, X128Q-X218S-X259P, X078N-X118R-X166Q, X128Q-X076D-X259P, X040E-X129P-X218S, X128Q-X185Q-X218S, X040E-X076D-X129P, X128Q-X076D-X185Q, X166Q-X185Q-X259P, X128Q-X009E-X218S, X128Q-X009E-X076D, X009E-X166Q-X259P, X130S-X218S-X248D, X076D-X130S-X248D, X009E-X166Q-X185Q, X003V-X130S-X218S, X003V-X076D-X130S, X003Q-X078N-X166Q, X118R-X218S-X259P, X076D-X211P-X218S, X076D-X118R-X259P, X076D-X118R-X185Q, X145R-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X145R-X166Q, X009E-X118R-X218S, X009E-X076D-X118R, X128S-X078N-X218S, X128S-X076D-X078N, X003Q-X218S-X259P, X003Q-X076D-X259P, X040E-X130S-X218S, X040E-X076D-X130S, X003Q-X185Q-X218S, X003Q-X076D-X185Q, X129P-X218S-X259P, X003Q-X009E-X218S, X003Q-X009E-X076D, X129P-X185Q-X218S, X076D-X129P-X185Q, X009E-X129P-X218S, X009E-X076D-X129P, X003V-X078N-X248D, X217Q-X078N-X218S, X217Q-X076D-X078N, X024Q-X166Q-X218S, X024Q-X076D-X166Q, X076D-X087D-X248D, X217L-X078N-X218S, X217L-X076D-X078N, X130S-X218S-X259P, X003V-X087D-X218S, X003V-X076D-X087D, X130S-X185Q-X218S, X076D-X130S-X185Q, X128Q-X166Q-X248D, X040E-X078N-X248D, X009E-X130S-X218S, X009E-X076D-X130S, X003V-X128Q-X166Q, X003V-X040E-X078N, X040E-X076D-X087D, X118R-X166Q-X248D, X003V-X118R-X166Q, X078N-X087D-X166Q, X003Q-X166Q-X248D, X129P-X166Q-X248D, X003V-X078N-X259P, X003T-X166Q-X218S, X078N-X185Q-X248D, X003T-X076D-X166Q, X040E-X118R-X166Q, X003V-X129P-X166Q, X003V-X078N-X185Q, X128S-X076D-X248D, X003V-X009E-X078N, X003V-X128S-X218S, X087D-X218S-X259P, X076D-X087D-X259P, X124I-X076D-X218S, X076D-X087D-X185Q, X003Q-X040E-X166Q, X128Q-X166Q-X259P, X040E-X078N-X259P, X078N-X210I-X218S, X076D-X078N-X210I, X128Q-X166Q-X185Q, X069S-X078N-X218S, X069S-X076D-X078N, X128Q-X009E-X166Q, X128S-X040E-X218S, X130S-X166Q-X248D, X003V-X130S-X166Q, X128Q-X118R-X218S, X166Q-X211P-X218S, X118R-X166Q-X259P, X076D-X166Q-X211P, X217Q-X076D-X248D, X078N-X182E-X218S, X076D-X078N-X182E, X003V-X217Q-X218S, X003V-X217Q-X076D, X217L-X218S-X248D, X217L-X076D-X248D, X128S-X078N-X166Q, X003V-X217L-X218S, X128R-X078N-X218S, X003V-X217L-X076D, X128R-X076D-X078N, X003Q-X128Q-X218S, X003Q-X166Q-X259P, X003Q-X166Q-X185Q, X128Q-X129P-X218S, X128Q-X076D-X129P, X003V-X040E-X248D, X129P-X166Q-X259P, X003Q-X009E-X166Q, X078N-X185Q-X259P, X217Q-X040E-X218S, X009E-X078N-X259P, X129P-X166Q-X185Q, X128S-X218S-X259P, X009E-X129P-X166Q, X009E-X078N-X185Q, X003Q-X118R-X218S, X128S-X185Q-X218S, X003Q-X076D-X118R, X128S-X076D-X185Q, X128S-X009E-X218S, X128S-X009E-X076D, X118R-X129P-X218S, X078N-X145R-X218S, X076D-X078N-X145R, X217Q-X078N-X166Q, X217L-X078N-X166Q, X128Q-X130S-X218S, X128Q-X076D-X130S, X130S-X166Q-X259P, X003V-X087D-X166Q, X003Q-X129P-X218S, X003V-X248D-X259P, X130S-X166Q-X185Q, X009E-X130S-X166Q, X217Q-X218S-X259P, X003V-X009E-X248D, X217Q-X185Q-X218S, X217Q-X076D-X185Q, X217L-X218S-X259P, X217Q-X009E-X076D, X118R-X130S-X218S, X040E-X248D-X259P, X076D-X210I-X248D, X003V-X040E-X259P, X040E-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X210I-X218S, X003V-X076D-X210I, X069S-X076D-X248D, X024Q-X078N-X218S, X024Q-X076D-X078N, X009E-X040E-X248D, X003Q-X130S-X218S, X003V-X069S-X218S, X003V-X069S-X076D, X129P-X130S-X218S, X076D-X129P-X130S, X128Q-X078N-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X078N, X076D-X182E-X248D, X003V-X182E-X218S, X003V-X076D-X182E, X040E-X076D-X210I, X128S-X166Q-X248D, X040E-X069S-X218S, X040E-X069S-X076D, X128R-X076D-X248D, X003V-X128S-X166Q, X087D-X166Q-X259P, X003V-X128R-X218S, X003V-X128R-X076D, X078N-X118R-X248D, X124I-X166Q-X218S, X124I-X076D-X166Q, X087D-X166Q-X185Q, X003V-X078N-X118R, X009E-X087D-X166Q, X185Q-X248D-X259P, X009E-X248D-X259P, X003V-X185Q-X259P, X078N-X166Q-X210I, X040E-X076D-X182E, X003V-X009E-X259P, X009E-X185Q-X248D, X069S-X078N-X166Q, X076D-X087D-X118R, X003Q-X078N-X248D, X003V-X009E-X185Q, X128R-X040E-X076D, X078N-X129P-X248D, X003T-X078N-X218S, X076D-X145R-X248D, X003T-X076D-X078N, X040E-X078N-X118R, X003V-X078N-X129P, X217Q-X166Q-X248D, X003V-X145R-X218S, X210I-X218S-X259P, X003V-X076D-X145R, X076D-X210I-X259P, X040E-X185Q-X259P, X003Q-X087D-X218S, X003V-X217Q-X166Q, X069S-X218S-X259P, X069S-X076D-X259P, X076D-X185Q-X210I, X009E-X040E-X259P, X009E-X076D-X210I, X087D-X129P-X218S, X009E-X040E-X185Q, X003V-X217L-X166Q, X128R-X078N-X166Q, X009E-X069S-X218S, X003Q-X040E-X078N, X128Q-X078N-X259P, X128Q-X129P-X166Q, X182E-X218S-X259P, X076D-X182E-X259P, X040E-X145R-X218S, X076D-X182E-X185Q, X128S-X166Q-X259P, X009E-X076D-X182E, X078N-X130S-X248D, X128R-X218S-X259P, X128R-X076D-X259P, X003Q-X118R-X166Q, X003V-X078N-X130S, X128S-X166Q-X185Q, X078N-X211P-X218S, X128R-X076D-X185Q, X078N-X118R-X259P, X128S-X009E-X166Q, X076D-X078N-X211P, X128R-X009E-X076D, X078N-X145R-X166Q, X087D-X130S-X218S, X128S-X118R-X218S, X003V-X024Q-X218S, X003V-X024Q-X076D, X009E-X185Q-X259P, X003Q-X078N-X259P, X128Q-X130S-X166Q, X003Q-X078N-X185Q, X003V-X128Q-X248D, X078N-X129P-X259P, X003Q-X009E-X078N, X145R-X218S-X259P, X003Q-X128S-X218S, X003Q-X128S-X076D, X217Q-X166Q-X259P, X076D-X145R-X185Q, X217Q-X166Q-X185Q, X128S-X129P-X218S, X128Q-X217L-X218S, X128Q-X217L-X076D, X217L-X166Q-X259P, X217Q-X009E-X166Q, X217L-X166Q-X185Q, X003V-X118R-X248D, X128Q-X040E-X248D, X217Q-X118R-X218S, X166Q-X210I-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X040E, X003V-X166Q-X210I, X024Q-X078N-X166Q, X217L-X118R-X218S, X217L-X076D-X118R, X003V-X069S-X166Q, X003V-X078N-X087D, X129P-X130S-X166Q, X003Q-X217Q-X218S, X003T-X076D-X248D, X003Q-X217Q-X076D, X166Q-X182E-X248D, X128S-X130S-X218S, X003Q-X217L-X218S, X003V-X166Q-X182E, X024Q-X218S-X259P, X040E-X166Q-X210I, X024Q-X076D-X185Q, X217L-X129P-X218S, X040E-X069S-X166Q, X128R-X166Q-X248D, X217L-X076D-X129P, X009E-X024Q-X076D, X040E-X078N-X087D, X003V-X128R-X166Q, X128Q-X248D-X259P, X003V-X128Q-X259P, X040E-X129P-X248D, X128Q-X185Q-X248D, X003T-X040E-X076D, X128Q-X009E-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X185Q, X003V-X128Q-X009E, X076D-X211P-X248D, X003V-X211P-X218S, X003V-X118R-X259P, X003V-X076D-X211P, X118R-X185Q-X248D, X003T-X078N-X166Q, X128Q-X040E-X259P, X003V-X118R-X185Q, X217L-X130S-X218S, X003V-X145R-X166Q, X166Q-X210I-X259P, X217L-X076D-X130S, X128Q-X040E-X185Q, X128Q-X069S-X218S, X069S-X166Q-X259P, X166Q-X185Q-X210I, X128Q-X009E-X040E, X003V-X128S-X078N, X069S-X166Q-X185Q, X040E-X130S-X248D, X124I-X078N-X218S, X124I-X076D-X078N, X003Q-X185Q-X248D, X009E-X069S-X166Q, X003Q-X009E-X248D, X003T-X076D-X259P, X040E-X076D-X211P, X003V-X129P-X259P, X129P-X185Q-X248D, X076D-X118R-X210I, X166Q-X182E-X259P, X003 T-X076D-X185Q, X009E-X129P-X248D, X069S-X118R-X218S, X003V-X129P-X185Q, X069S-X076D-X118R, X003T-X009E-X076D, X166Q-X182E-X185Q, X003V-X009E-X129P, X128 S-X040E-X078N, X009E-X166Q-X182E, X128R-X166Q-X259P, X003Q-X210I-X218S, X128R-X166Q-X185Q, X003Q-X076D-X210I, X003Q-X040E-X185Q, X003Q-X069S-X218S, X076D-X118R-X182E, X003Q-X069S-X076D, X128Q-X185Q-X259P, X003V-X217Q-X078N, X024Q-X166Q-X248D, X128Q-X009E-X259P, X040E-X129P-X185Q, X128S-X118R-X166Q, X128Q-X009E-X185Q, X003V-X087D-X248D, X003V-X217L-X078N, X128R-X076D-X118R, X003Q-X128Q-X078N, X003V-X130S-X259P, X130S-X185Q-X248D, X217Q-X087D-X218S, X211P-X218S-X259P, X003Q-X182E-X218S, X076D-X211P-X259P, X009E-X130S-X248D, X003V-X130S-X185Q, X128Q-X078N-X129P, X185Q-X211P-X218S, X118R-X185Q-X259P, X145R-X166Q-X259P, X003Q-X128S-X166Q, X217Q-X040E-X078N, X003Q-X128R-X218S, X145R-X166Q-X185Q, X128S-X078N-X259P, X009E-X118R-X185Q, X003Q-X078N-X118R, X003Q-X185Q-X259P, X118R-X145R-X218S, X040E-X130S-X185Q, X129P-X185Q-X259P, X003Q-X009E-X185Q, X009E-X129P-X259P, X009E-X129P-X185Q, X128Q-X078N-X130S, X003Q-X078N-X129P, X003Q-X145R-X218S, X003Q-X076D-X145R, X003T-X166Q-X248D, X217Q-X078N-X259P, X024Q-X166Q-X185Q, X124I-X218S-X248D, X128S-X217Q-X218S, X003V-X087D-X259P, X087D-X185Q-X248D, X009E-X024Q-X166Q, X003V-X124I-X218S, X009E-X087D-X248D, X003V-X124I-X076D, X130S-X185Q-X259P, X128S-X217L-X218S, X009E-X130S-X259P, X078N-X210I-X248D, X009E-X130S-X185Q, X003V-X078N-X210I, X003Q-X078N-X130S, X003V-X069S-X078N, X078N-X129P-X130S, X128Q-X118R-X248D, X076D-X087D-X210I, X124I-X040E-X218S, X040E-X087D-X185Q, X069S-X087D-X218S, X003V-X128Q-X118R, X003V-X166Q-X211P, X003Q-X024Q-X218S, X003V-X078N-X182E, X003V-X217L-X248D, X040E-X069S-X078N, X128R-X078N-X248D, X003V-X128R-X078N, X124I-X078N-X166Q, X128Q-X129P-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X129P, X118R-X166Q-X210I, X003T-X166Q-X185Q, X069S-X118R-X166Q, X003V-X128S-X259P, X078N-X087D-X118R, X128S-X185Q-X248D, X217L-X040E-X248D, X128S-X009E-X248D, X124I-X218S-X259P, X003V-X128S-X185Q, X124I-X076D-X259P, X087D-X185Q-X259P, X118R-X129P-X248D, X003T-X076D-X118R, X124I-X076D-X185Q, X003V-X118R-X129P, X124I-X009E-X218S, X003V-X078N-X145R, X009E-X087D-X185Q, X078N-X210I-X259P, X003Q-X069S-X166Q, X128Q-X040E-X129P, X003Q-X078N-X087D, X069S-X078N-X259P, X128Q-X130S-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X130S, X128S-X040E-X185Q, X128S-X069S-X218S, X128Q-X211P-X218S, X128Q-X118R-X259P, X166Q-X211P-X259P, X003V-X217Q-X259P, X040E-X078N-X145R, X217Q-X185Q-X248D, X217Q-X009E-X248D, X118R-X130S-X248D, X003V-X217L-X259P, X217L-X185Q-X248D, X003Q-X128Q-X259P, X128Q-X040E-X130S, X076D-X118R-X211P, X003Q-X128Q-X185Q, X128Q-X129P-X259P, X003V-X210I-X248D, X128Q-X129P-X185Q, X003V-X069S-X248D, X128S-X078N-X118R, X003V-X024Q-X078N, X128Q-X009E-X129P, X217Q-X040E-X185Q, X217Q-X069S-X218S, X003Q-X211P-X218S, X129P-X130S-X248D, X128S-X185Q-X259P, X217L-X076D-X210I, X003V-X129P-X130S, X128S-X009E-X259P, X217L-X069S-X218S, X118R-X129P-X259P, X128S-X009E-X185Q, X003V-X182E-X248D, X003Q-X128S-X078N, X003V-X040E-X210I, X128Q-X087D-X248D, X128S-X145R-X218S, X003V-X128R-X248D, X128Q-X130S-X259P, X003V-X128Q-X087D, X040E-X129P-X130S, X128Q-X130S-X185Q, X003V-X124I-X166Q, X003Q-X129P-X185Q, X128Q-X009E-X130S, X217Q-X078N-X118R, X217Q-X185Q-X259P, X217Q-X009E-X259P, X217Q-X009E-X185Q, X003Q-X217Q-X078N, X124I-X040E-X166Q, X217L-X009E-X185Q, X003V-X210I-X259P, X003Q-X217L-X078N, X217Q-X145R-X218S, X185Q-X210I-X248D, X003V-X069S-X259P, X009E-X210I-X248D, X069S-X185Q-X248D, X087D-X129P-X248D, X003Q-X130S-X185Q, X003V-X009E-X210I, X003T-X076D-X087D, X003V-X069S-X185Q, X129P-X130S-X185Q, X009E-X129P-X130S, X003V-X182E-X259P, X182E-X185Q-X248D, X009E-X182E-X248D, X128Q-X087D-X259P, X069S-X076D-X210I, X003V-X128R-X259P, X128R-X185Q-X248D, X124I-X128Q-X218S, X124I-X166Q-X259P, X128Q-X087D-X185Q, X128R-X009E-X248D, X003V-X078N-X211P, X124I-X166Q-X185Q, X087D-X130S-X248D, X124I-X009E-X166Q, X076D-X182E-X210I, X040E-X182E-X185Q, X124I-X118R-X218S, X128R-X076D-X210I, X128S-X069S-X166Q, X128S-X078N-X087D, X128Q-X217Q-X248D, X078N-X118R-X210I, X003V-X145R-X259P, X145R-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X217Q, X069S-X078N-X118R, X185Q-X210I-X259P, X128S-X129P-X248D, X128Q-X217L-X248D, X003Q-X124I-X218S, X003Q-X124I-X076D, X069S-X185Q-X259P, X003V-X128Q-X217L, X009E-X185Q-X210I, X124I-X129P-X218S, X128R-X076D-X182E, X003Q-X078N-X210I, X009E-X069S-X185Q, X003Q-X069S-X078N, X182E-X185Q-X259P, X069S-X145R-X218S, X128Q-X217L-X040E, X009E-X182E-X185Q, X217Q-X078N-X087D, X128R-X185Q-X259P, X078N-X211P-X259P, X003Q-X078N-X182E, X128Q-X118R-X129P, X128S-X130S-X248D, X217Q-X129P-X248D, X128R-X009E-X185Q, X003Q-X128R-X078N, X003V-X024Q-X259P, X024Q-X185Q-X248D, X124I-X130S-X218S, X217L-X129P-X248D, X009E-X024Q-X248D, X003Q-X128Q-X129P, X078N-X118R-X145R, X128Q-X217Q-X259P, X003Q-X128S-X185Q, X128Q-X217Q-X185Q, X128Q-X217L-X259P, X128Q-X118R-X130S, X009E-X145R-X185Q, X024Q-X040E-X185Q, X128S-X129P-X185Q, X217L-X040E-X129P, X217Q-X130S-X248D, X128Q-X217L-X185Q, X003Q-X078N-X145R, X217L-X130S-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X210I, X003Q-X128Q-X130S, X003V-X128Q-X069S, X128S-X217Q-X078N, X128Q-X129P-X130S, X003V-X124I-X078N, X118R-X210I-X248D, X003T-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X118R-X210I, X003V-X128Q-X182E, X128S-X130S-X185Q, X124I-X087D-X218S, X217L-X040E-X130S, X217Q-X129P-X185Q, X024Q-X185Q-X259P, X118R-X129P-X130S, X217L-X129P-X185Q, X009E-X024Q-X185Q, X069S-X078N-X087D, X003Q-X024Q-X078N, X003T-X076D-X210I, X003Q-X129P-X130S, X003V-X069S-X129P, X003V-X128R-X118R, X124I-X118R-X166Q, X003V-X211P-X259P, X217Q-X130S-X185Q, X003V-X185Q-X211P, X003V-X128Q-X145R, X128Q-X210I-X259P, X128Q-X069S-X259P, X217L-X130S-X185Q, X003Q-X124I-X166Q, X128Q-X087D-X129P, X003T-X128R-X076D, X124I-X078N-X259P, X076D-X210I-X211P, X128Q-X182E-X259P, X124I-X128S-X218S, X128Q-X182E-X185Q, X003T-X009E-X185Q, X128S-X069S-X078N, X128Q-X087D-X130S, X124I-X217Q-X218S, X185Q-X211P-X259P, X128Q-X145R-X259P, X124I-X217L-X218S, X129P-X182E-X185Q, X217Q-X069S-X078N, X003Q-X078N-X211P, X003V-X124I-X040E, X087D-X129P-X130S, X128S-X078N-X145R, X130S-X182E-X185Q, X128Q-X217Q-X129P, X124I-X087D-X166Q, X128Q-X024Q-X185Q, X128Q-X217L-X129P, X003V-X124I-X259P, X124I-X185Q-X248D, X128S-X217Q-X185Q, X124I-X009E-X248D, X003V-X124I-X185Q, X003V-X124I-X009E, X217Q-X078N-X145R, X128Q-X217Q-X130S, X003V-X128Q-X211P, X124I-X210I-X218S, X124I-X069S-X218S, X124I-X069S-X076D, X128S-X129P-X130S, X128Q-X217L-X130S, X024Q-X129P-X185Q, X124I-X182E-X218S, X124I-X128S-X166Q, X124I-X128R-X218S, X124I-X078N-X118R, X217Q-X129P-X130S, X124I-X185Q-X259P, X003V-X129P-X211P, X024Q-X130S-X185Q, X217L-X129P-X130S, X124I-X009E-X185Q, X003Q-X124I-X078N, X124I-X145R-X218S, X128Q-X211P-X259P, X124I-X217L-X166Q, X069S-X078N-X145R, X128S-X182E-X185Q, X129P-X211P-X259P, X124I-X024Q-X218S, X217Q-X182E-X185Q, X003V-X124I-X128Q, X003V-X124I-X118R, X003V-X128R-X210I, X124I-X069S-X166Q, X128Q-X024Q-X129P, X003T-X124I-X218S, X003V-X124I-X129P, X128S-X024Q-X185Q, X124I-X128Q-X259P, X124I-X128Q-X185Q, X128Q-X024Q-X130S, X124I-X211P-X218S, X124I-X118R-X259P, X124I-X145R-X166Q, X124I-X128S-X078N, X003Q-X124I-X259P, X024Q-X129P-X130S, X003V-X124I-X128S, X124I-X069S-X078N, X124I-X128S-X259P, X003Q-X124I-X118R, X003V-X124I-X069S, X124I-X069S-X259P.

In other embodiments, the subtilisin variants disclosed herein contain a combination of four or more features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or Vat position 3; an Eat position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a Pat position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the combination of four or more features are selected from the group consisting of X076D-X078N-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X166Q-X218S-X248D, X003V-X076D-X166Q-X218S, X040E-X076D-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X166Q-X218S-X259P, X076D-X166Q-X185Q-X218S, X009E-X076D-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X078N-X218S-X248D, X003V-X076D-X078N-X218S, X040E-X076D-X078N-X218S, X076D-X118R-X166Q-X218S, X003Q-X076D-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X078N-X218S-X259P, X076D-X078N-X185Q-X218S, X009E-X076D-X078N-X218S, X003V-X076D-X218S-X248D, X003V-X040E-X076D-X218S, X076D-X078N-X166Q-X248D, X003V-X078N-X166Q-X218S, X003V-X076D-X078N-X166Q, X076D-X087D-X166Q-X218S, X003V-X076D-X218S-X259P, X076D-X185Q-X218S-X248D, X040E-X078N-X166Q-X218S, X040E-X076D-X078N-X166Q, X003V-X076D-X185Q-X218S, X003V-X009E-X076D-X218S, X040E-X076D-X218S-X259P, X128Q-X076D-X078N-X218S, X078N-X166Q-X218S-X259P, X076D-X078N-X166Q-X259P, X076D-X078N-X166Q-X185Q, X009E-X078N-X166Q-X218S, X009E-X076D-X078N-X166Q, X128S-X076D-X166Q-X218S, X076D-X078N-X118R-X218S, X009E-X076D-X185Q-X218S, X003Q-X076D-X078N-X218S, X003V-X166Q-X218S-X248D, X076D-X078N-X129P-X218S, X003V-X076D-X166Q-X248D, X040E-X076D-X166Q-X248D, X003V-X040E-X166Q-X218S, X003V-X040E-X076D-X166Q, X076D-X078N-X130S-X218S, X128Q-X076D-X218S-X248D, X076D-X166Q-X248D-X259P, X003V-X128Q-X076D-X218S, X003V-X166Q-X218S-X259P, X003V-X076D-X166Q-X259P, 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X128Q-X129P-X166Q-X185Q, X128R-X076D-X078N-X118R, X129P-X130S-X166Q-X248D, X003V-X078N-X130S-X259P, X128S-X166Q-X185Q-X259P, X009E-X076D-X182E-X185Q, X217Q-X078N-X087D-X218S, X078N-X211P-X218S-X259P, X003Q-X078N-X182E-X218S, X217L-X069S-X166Q-X218S, X128S-X009E-X166Q-X185Q, X128R-X009E-X076D-X185Q, X003Q-X128S-X078N-X166Q, X003Q-X128R-X078N-X218S, X003V-X024Q-X218S-X259P, X024Q-X076D-X185Q-X248D, X217L-X129P-X218S-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X248D-X259P, X128Q-X130S-X166Q-X185Q, X078N-X118R-X145R-X218S, X003Q-X128S-X218S-X259P, X217Q-X166Q-X185Q-X259P, X003 Q-X078N-X145R-X218S, X217Q-X009E-X166Q-X185Q, X003Q-X076D-X078N-X145R, X003V-X076D-X211P-X248D, X003Q-X217Q-X078N-X166Q, X217L-X130S-X218S-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X040E-X259P, X128Q-X040E-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X210I-X218S, X003V-X166Q-X210I-X259P, X166Q-X185Q-X210I-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X069S-X218S, X003V-X069S-X166Q-X259P, X128S-X217Q-X078N-X218S, X128Q-X129P-X130S-X218S, X128Q-X076D-X129P-X130S, X003V-X124I-X078N-X218S, X128S-X217L-X078N-X218S, X076D-X118R-X210I-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X182E-X218S, X003V-X076D-X118R-X210I, X024Q-X078N-X118R-X218S, X003V-X166Q-X182E-X259P, X166Q-X182E-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X069S-X118R-X218S, X003V-X128R-X166Q-X259P, X128R-X166Q-X185Q-X248D, X124I-X040E-X078N-X218S, X009E-X024Q-X076D-X185Q, X069S-X078N-X087D-X218S, X003Q-X024Q-X078N-X218S, X128Q-X185Q-X248D-X259P, X003Q-X024Q-X076D-X078N, X003V-X076D-X118R-X182E, X003V-X128Q-X185Q-X259P, X040E-X129P-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X009E-X259P, X128Q-X009E-X185Q-X248D, X128R-X076D-X118R-X248D, X003V-X128R-X076D-X118R, X124I-X118R-X166Q-X218S, X003V-X211P-X218S-X259P, X128R-X076D-X166Q-X210I, X003V-X185Q-X211P-X218S, X003V-X128Q-X145R-X218S, X003V-X118R-X185Q-X259P, X003V-X145R-X166Q-X259P, X128Q-X069S-X218S-X259P, X003V-X128S-X078N-X259P, X003Q-X124I-X166Q-X218S, X128Q-X009E-X040E-X185Q, X124I-X078N-X218S-X259P, X003Q-X185Q-X248D-X259P, X009E-X166Q-X185Q-X210I, X040E-X130S-X185Q-X248D, X003T-X076D-X078N-X118R, X009E-X069S-X166Q-X185Q, X124I-X009E-X078N-X218S, X129P-X185Q-X248D-X259P, X076D-X118R-X210I-X259P, X003Q-X009E-X185Q-X248D, X003Q-X069S-X078N-X166Q, X124I-X128S-X076D-X218S, X003V-X129P-X185Q-X259P, X003V-X009E-X129P-X259P, X009E-X129P-X185Q-X248D, X069S-X145R-X166Q-X218S, X078N-X087D-X145R-X218S, X009E-X166Q-X182E-X185Q, X128S-X069S-X078N-X218S, X003Q-X069S-X218S-X259P, X003V-X217Q-X078N-X259P, X128R-X009E-X166Q-X185Q, X003Q-X009E-X040E-X185Q, X024Q-X166Q-X185Q-X248D, X128Q-X009E-X185Q-X259P, X009E-X040E-X129P-X185Q, X130S-X185Q-X248D-X259P, X003V-X130S-X185Q-X259P, X185Q-X211P-X218S-X259P, X009E-X130S-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X078N-X210I-X248D, X217Q-X069S-X078N-X218S, X003Q-X078N-X211P-X218S, X078N-X129P-X130S-X248D, X009E-X145R-X166Q-X185Q, X003V-X076D-X087D-X210I, X217L-X069S-X078N-X218S, X003V-X124I-X040E-X218S, X003Q-X009E-X185Q-X259P, X009E-X040E-X130S-X185Q, X128S-X078N-X145R-X218S, X009E-X129P-X185Q-X259P, X128Q-X129P-X130S-X166Q, X003V-X124I-X078N-X166Q, X124I-X087D-X166Q-X218S, X128Q-X217L-X129P-X218S, X128Q-X217L-X076D-X129P, X003V-X124I-X218S-X259P, X003V-X087D-X185Q-X259P, X009E-X024Q-X166Q-X185Q, X009E-X087D-X185Q-X248D, X128Q-X040E-X129P-X248D, X003V-X124I-X009E-X218S, X009E-X130S-X185Q-X259P, X217Q-X078N-X145R-X218S, X003T-X076D-X166Q-X210I, X003V-X069S-X078N-X259P, X217L-X078N-X145R-X218S, X128S-X040E-X185Q-X248D, X128S-X024Q-X078N-X218S, X124I-X040E-X218S-X259P, X003V-X128S-X069S-X218S, X003V-X128Q-X211P-X218S, X003V-X128Q-X118R-X259P, X003V-X166Q-X211P-X259P, X124I-X069S-X076D-X218S, X128Q-X217L-X130S-X218S, X128Q-X217L-X076D-X130S, X128Q-X040E-X130S-X248D, X124I-X078N-X166Q-X259P, X003V-X128Q-X129P-X259P, X128Q-X129P-X185Q-X248D, X124I-X128S-X166Q-X218S, X128Q-X009E-X129P-X248D, X217Q-X040E-X185Q-X248D, X217Q-X024Q-X078N-X218S, X128S-X185Q-X248D-X259P, X003T-X009E-X166Q-X185Q, X124I-X078N-X118R-X218S, X003V-X128S-X185Q-X259P, X003V-X217L-X076D-X210I, X128R-X076D-X078N-X210I, X128S-X009E-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X129P-X211P-X218S, X003V-X118R-X129P-X259P, X124I-X009E-X218S-X259P, X009E-X087D-X185Q-X259P, X217L-X129P-X130S-X218S, X217L-X076D-X129P-X130S, X124I-X009E-X076D-X185Q, X003Q-X124I-X078N-X218S, X003Q-X124I-X076D-X078N, X003V-X128Q-X130S-X259P, X040E-X129P-X130S-X248D, X128Q-X130S-X185Q-X248D, X128Q-X211P-X218S-X259P, X128Q-X009E-X130S-X248D, X124I-X217Q-X166Q-X218S, X128S-X009E-X040E-X185Q, X217Q-X185Q-X248D-X259P, X124I-X217L-X166Q-X218S, X003V-X217Q-X185Q-X259P, X069S-X078N-X145R-X218S, X217Q-X009E-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X217L-X185Q-X259P, X003V-X124I-X040E-X166Q, X003Q-X128Q-X009E-X185Q, X128Q-X009E-X129P-X185Q, X129P-X130S-X185Q-X248D, X217Q-X009E-X040E-X185Q, X009E-X129P-X130S-X248D, X128S-X009E-X185Q-X259P, X003V-X128Q-X087D-X259P, X003V-X069S-X076D-X210I, X024Q-X069S-X078N-X218S, X003V-X124I-X128Q-X218S, X003V-X124I-X166Q-X259P, X124I-X166Q-X185Q-X248D, X128Q-X009E-X130S-X185Q, X003V-X076D-X182E-X210I, X217Q-X009E-X185Q-X259P, X128Q-X078N-X129P-X130S, X003V-X124I-X118R-X218S, X128R-X076D-X210I-X248D, X003V-X128R-X076D-X210I, X124I-X069S-X166Q-X218S, X003V-X185Q-X210I-X259P, X003V-X069S-X185Q-X259P, X009E-X185Q-X210I-X248D, X009E-X069S-X185Q-X248D, X003T-X076D-X078N-X210I, X182E-X185Q-X248D-X259P, X009E-X129P-X130S-X185Q, X003V-X182E-X185Q-X259P, X009E-X182E-X185Q-X248D, X003Q-X124I-X040E-X218S, X124I-X128Q-X218S-X259P, X128Q-X118R-X129P-X248D, X003V-X078N-X211P-X259P, X128R-X009E-X185Q-X248D, X124I-X009E-X166Q-X185Q, X003Q-X124I-X078N-X166Q, X124I-X118R-X218S-X259P, X009E-X040E-X182E-X185Q, X124I-X145R-X166Q-X218S, X124I-X128S-X078N-X218S, X003V-X128Q-X217Q-X259P, X128Q-X217Q-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X145R-X185Q-X259P, X003Q-X124I-X218S-X259P, X128Q-X118R-X130S-X248D, X009E-X145R-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X128Q-X217L-X259P, X003Q-X124I-X009E-X218S, X128Q-X129P-X130S-X248D, X009E-X182E-X185Q-X259P, X124I-X217Q-X078N-X218S, X124I-X024Q-X166Q-X218S, X024Q-X185Q-X248D-X259P, X118R-X129P-X130S-X248D, X009E-X024Q-X185Q-X248D, X128Q-X040E-X129P-X130S, X128Q-X217Q-X009E-X185Q, X003V-X124I-X118R-X166Q, X009E-X024Q-X040E-X185Q, X128S-X009E-X129P-X185Q, X003V-X128Q-X210I-X259P, X003V-X128Q-X069S-X259P, X128Q-X087D-X129P-X248D, X003V-X124I-X078N-X259P, X128Q-X129P-X130S-X185Q, X128Q-X009E-X129P-X130S, X003V-X128Q-X182E-X259P, X128Q-X182E-X185Q-X248D, X003V-X124I-X128S-X218S, X003T-X009E-X185Q-X248D, X128S-X009E-X130S-X185Q, X009E-X024Q-X185Q-X259P, X124I-X069S-X078N-X218S, X128Q-X087D-X130S-X248D, X003V-X069S-X129P-X259P, X003V-X185Q-X211P-X259P, X003V-X128Q-X145R-X259P, X003V-X124I-X217L-X218S, X003Q-X124I-X166Q-X259P, X124I-X128S-X218S-X259P, X087D-X129P-X130S-X248D, X003Q-X124I-X118R-X218S, X128Q-X009E-X182E-X185Q, X128Q-X217L-X129P-X248D, X128S-X129P-X130S-X248D, X128Q-X217L-X130S-X248D, X003V-X124I-X069S-X218S, X124I-X040E-X069S-X218S, X003V-X124I-X128S-X166Q, X128Q-X118R-X129P-X130S, X128Q-X009E-X024Q-X185Q, X003V-X124I-X185Q-X259P, X217L-X129P-X130S-X248D, X124I-X009E-X185Q-X248D, X128S-X217Q-X009E-X185Q, X124I-X069S-X078N-X166Q, X003Q-X128S-X217Q-X078N, X003V-X124I-X145R-X218S, X003V-X128Q-X211P-X259P, X124I-X069S-X218S-X259P, X003V-X129P-X211P-X259P, X124I-X128S-X118R-X218S, X003Q-X124I-X128S-X218S, X003V-X124I-X069S-X166Q, X128Q-X087D-X129P-X130S, X003V-X124I-X128Q-X259P, X124I-X069S-X166Q-X259P, X003V-X124I-X129P-X259P, X124I-X069S-X118R-X218S, X003Q-X124I-X069S-X218S, X128Q-X217L-X129P-X1305.

The subtilisin variants having at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an Rat position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, where the amino acid positions are numbered by correspondence with SEQ ID NO: 1, include variants derived from subtilisin polypeptides of AprE (e.g. WP_003233171); WP_082194748 (formerly WP_008359041); Chemgen 164A (SEQ ID NO: 2 in U.S. Pat. No. 5,275,945); CP474 (e.g. SEQ ID NO: 3 in WO2015038792); ZP00454 (e.g. variant of WP_010192403, SEQ ID NO:7 in WO2015/038792); DSM14391 (SEQ ID NO: 13 in WO2018118917); WP_010192403 (formerly ZP_07707657 (SEQ ID NO: 7 in WO2015038792)); BspZ00056 (SEQ ID NO:9 in WO 2016069544);) Bba02069 (SEQ ID NO: 3 in WO2016061438); BspE04637-T1 (SEQ ID NO: 9 in WO 2016069557), BAD02409 (SEQ ID NO: 13 in WO201069557); BspAP02013 (SEQ ID NO: 3 in WO2016069544); BspAK01305 (SEQ ID NO: 6 in WO2016069569); BspZ00258 (SEQ ID NO: 9 in WO2016069552); Bc104009 (SEQ ID NO: 14 in WO2015089441); BspAI02518 (SEQ ID NO: 3 in WO2015089441); BspAG00296 (SEQ ID NO: 3 in WO2015143360); BspE 01314 (variant of BspE04637-T1, SEQ ID NO:19 in WO2017192300); and Bpan01744 (SEQ ID NO: 3 in WO2016069563). Other subtilisin polypeptides in which the disclosed substitutions find use include, but are not limited to, SEQ ID NO:7 in WO2016/001449; SEQ ID NO: 1 in WO2012/139964; SEQ ID NO: 7 in WO2012/163855; SEQ ID NO: 9 in WO2016/001449; SEQ ID NO: 5 in WO2016/001449; SEQ ID NO: 6 in WO2016/001449; SEQ ID NO: 6 in WO2014/177430; SEQ ID NO: 4 in WO2011/036263; SEQ ID NO: 4 in WO2016/174234; SEQ ID NO: 7 in WO2015144932; SEQ ID NO: 119 in U.S. Pat. No. 7,981,659; SEQ ID NO: 4 in WO2016/001449; SEQ ID NO: 2 in JP2004313043; SEQ ID NO: 2 in US2015/275148; SEQ ID NO: 12 in WO 201600144; SEQ ID NO: 2 in WO 2016000970; SEQ ID NO:19 in U.S. Pat. No. 8,530,218; SEQ ID NO: 8 in WO 2016000973; SEQ ID NO: 8 in WO2016001449; SEQ ID NO 21 or 22 in WO2016203064 and SEQ ID NO: 21 in U.S. Pat. No. 8,530,218. That is, in some embodiments, the substitutions provided herein can be used in any subtilisin having at least about 50% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1. For example, subtilisins, such as SEQ ID NO 21 or 22 in WO2016203064 can be engineered to include one, two, three or more additional features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1 selected from a Q, T, or V at position 3; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259. In one such embodiment, subtilisins, such as SEQ ID NO 21 or 22 in WO2016203064 can be engineered to include two, three, four, or more, substitutions with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1 selected from a Q, T, or V at position 3; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a N at position 78; a D at position 87; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259.

Still other subtilisin polypeptides in which the disclosed substitutions find use include, but are not limited to, those disclosed in WO_2012_175708_2; WO_2012_175708_4; U.S. Pat. No. 7,951,573 B2_2; U.S. Pat. No. 7,951,573 B2_4; U.S. Pat. No. 7,951,573 B2_6; U.S. Pat. No. 7,951,573 B2_37; US7727756-0001; US9365844-0001; US7262042-0002; US20090275493-0002; US7811076-0004; US8455424-0003; WO03054184-CAE48421/SEQ ID NO: 25 in WO2015089447; WO2007131657-CA591385/SEQ ID NO:24 in WO2015089447; WO2008086916-CAV33594/SEQ ID NO:26 in WO2015089447; WO2017089162-0001; WO2017089162-0002; WO2017089162-0003; WO2017089162-0004; WO2017089162-0005; WO2017089162-0006; WO2017089162-0007; and WO2017089162-0008.

In an even still further embodiment, one or more subtilisin variants described herein has improved stability, for example, improved stability in a detergent composition. In another embodiment, parent subtilisin comprises an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 2, 10, or 15, or has 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or 15. In still yet another embodiment, the stability of the one or more subtilisin variants in detergent is measured in accordance with the stability assays of Example 2.

In other embodiments, one or more subtilisin variants are more stable than a reference, or parent, subtilisin lacking the three or more features. In some embodiments, such variants having increased stability are characterized by having greater than 25% residual activity when measured after 20 minutes at 40-72 degrees Celsius in a 10% CNS detergent solution. In other embodiments, such variants can also be characterized by having at least a 1-hour half-life of inactivation in a 100% CNS detergent when incubated at 40-48 degrees Celsius. In yet other embodiments, the variants having increased stability are characterized by having a Performance Index (PI) greater than about 1.1 with respect to a parent, or reference, protease after 20 minutes incubation in 10% detergent at 30-50 degrees Celsius. In some embodiments, the reference subtilisin refers to a subtilisin having the highest identity to the variant subtilisin, but not containing the recited features.

One or more subtilisin variants described herein can be subject to various changes, such as one or more amino acid insertion, deletion, and/or substitution, either conservative or non-conservative, including where such changes do not substantially alter the enzymatic activity of the variant. Similarly, a polynucleotide encoding the subtilisin variant of the invention can also be subject to various changes, such as one or more substitution of one or more nucleotide in one or more codon such that a particular codon encodes the same or a different amino acid, resulting in either a silent variation (e.g., when the encoded amino acid is not altered by the nucleotide mutation) or non-silent variation; one or more deletion of one or more nucleotides (or codon) in the sequence; one or more addition or insertion of one or more nucleotides (or codon) in the sequence; and/or cleavage of, or one or more truncation, of one or more nucleotides (or codon) in the sequence. Many such changes in the nucleic acid sequence may not substantially alter the enzymatic activity of the resulting encoded polypeptide enzyme compared to the polypeptide enzyme encoded by the original nucleic acid sequence. A nucleic acid sequence described herein can also be modified to include one or more codon that provides for optimum expression in an expression system (e.g., bacterial expression system), while, if desired, said one or more codon still encodes the same amino acid(s).

Described herein is one or more isolated, non-naturally occurring, or recombinant polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence that encodes one or more subtilisin variants described herein, or recombinant polypeptide or active fragment thereof. One or more nucleic acid sequence described herein is useful in recombinant production (e.g., expression) of one or more subtilisin variants described herein, for example, through expression of a plasmid expression vector comprising a sequence encoding the one or more subtilisin variants described herein or fragment thereof. One embodiment provides nucleic acids encoding one or more subtilisin variants described herein, wherein the variant is a mature form having proteolytic activity. In some embodiments, one or more subtilisin variants described herein is expressed recombinantly with a homologous pro-peptide sequence. In other embodiments, one or more subtilisin variants described herein is expressed recombinantly with a heterologous pro-peptide sequence (e.g., pro-peptide sequence from B. lentus (SEQ ID NO:9).

One or more nucleic acid sequence described herein can be generated by using any suitable synthesis, manipulation, and/or isolation techniques, or combinations thereof. For example, one or more polynucleotide described herein may be produced using standard nucleic acid synthesis techniques, such as solid-phase synthesis techniques that are well-known to those skilled in the art. In such techniques, fragments of up to 50 or more nucleotide bases are typically synthesized, then joined (e.g., by enzymatic or chemical ligation methods) to form essentially any desired continuous nucleic acid sequence. The synthesis of the one or more polynucleotide described herein can be also facilitated by any suitable method known in the art, including but not limited to chemical synthesis using the classical phosphoramidite method (See e.g., Beaucage et al. Tetrahedron Letters 22:1859-69 (1981)), or the method described in Matthes et al., EMBO J. 3:801-805 (1984) as is typically practiced in automated synthetic methods. One or more polynucleotide described herein can also be produced by using an automatic DNA synthesizer. Customized nucleic acids can be ordered from a variety of commercial sources (e.g., ATUM (DNA 2.0), Newark, Calif., USA; Life Tech (GeneArt), Carlsbad, Calif., USA; GenScript, Ontario, Canada; Base Clear B. V., Leiden, Netherlands; Integrated DNA Technologies, Skokie, Ill., USA; Ginkgo Bioworks (Gen9), Boston, Mass., USA; and Twist Bioscience, San Francisco, Calif., USA). Other techniques for synthesizing nucleic acids and related principles are described by, for example, Itakura et al., Ann. Rev. Biochem. 53:323 (1984) and Itakura et al., Science 198:1056 (1984).

Recombinant DNA techniques useful in modification of nucleic acids are well known in the art, such as, for example, restriction endonuclease digestion, ligation, reverse transcription and cDNA production, and polymerase chain reaction (e.g., PCR). One or more polynucleotide described herein may also be obtained by screening cDNA libraries using one or more oligonucleotide probes that can hybridize to or PCR-amplify polynucleotides which encode one or more subtilisin variant described herein, or recombinant polypeptide or active fragment thereof. Procedures for screening and isolating cDNA clones and PCR amplification procedures are well known to those of skill in the art and described in standard references known to those skilled in the art. One or more polynucleotide described herein can be obtained by altering a naturally occurring polynucleotide backbone (e.g., that encodes one or more subtilisin variant described herein or reference subtilisin) by, for example, a known mutagenesis procedure (e.g., site-directed mutagenesis, site saturation mutagenesis, and in vitro recombination). A variety of methods are known in the art that are suitable for generating modified polynucleotides described herein that encode one or more subtilisin variant described herein, including, but not limited to, for example, site-saturation mutagenesis, scanning mutagenesis, insertional mutagenesis, deletion mutagenesis, random mutagenesis, site-directed mutagenesis, and directed-evolution, as well as various other recombinatorial approaches.

A further embodiment is directed to one or more vector comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein (e.g., a polynucleotide encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein); expression vectors or expression cassettes comprising one or more nucleic acid or polynucleotide sequence described herein; isolated, substantially pure, or recombinant DNA constructs comprising one or more nucleic acid or polynucleotide sequence described herein; isolated or recombinant cells comprising one or more polynucleotide sequence described herein; and compositions comprising one or more such vector, nucleic acid, expression vector, expression cassette, DNA construct, cell, cell culture, or any combination or mixtures thereof.

Some embodiments are directed to one or more recombinant cell comprising one or more vector (e.g., expression vector or DNA construct) described herein which comprises one or more nucleic acid or polynucleotide sequence described herein. Some such recombinant cells are transformed or transfected with such at least one vector, although other methods are available and known in the art. Such cells are typically referred to as host cells. Some such cells comprise bacterial cells, including, but not limited to Bacillus sp. cells, such as B. subtilis cells. Other embodiments are directed to recombinant cells (e.g., recombinant host cells) comprising one or more subtilisin described herein.

In some embodiments, one or more vector described herein is an expression vector or expression cassette comprising one or more polynucleotide sequence described herein operably linked to one or more additional nucleic acid segments required for efficient gene expression (e.g., a promoter operably linked to one or more polynucleotide sequence described herein). A vector may include a transcription terminator and/or a selection gene (e.g., an antibiotic resistance gene) that enables continuous cultural maintenance of plasmid-infected host cells by growth in antimicrobial-containing media.

An expression vector may be derived from plasmid or viral DNA, or in alternative embodiments, contains elements of both. Exemplary vectors include, but are not limited to pC194, pJH101, pE194, pHP13 (See, Harwood and Cutting [eds.], Chapter 3, Molecular Biological Methods for Bacillus, John Wiley & Sons (1990); suitable replicating plasmids for B. subtilis include those listed on p. 92). (See also, Perego, “Integrational Vectors for Genetic Manipulations in Bacillus subtilis”; Sonenshein et al., [eds.]; “Bacillus subtilis and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria: Biochemistry, Physiology and Molecular Genetics”, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C. (1993), pp. 615-624); and p2JM103BBI).

For expression and production of a protein of interest (e.g., one or more subtilisin variant described herein) in a cell, one or more expression vector comprising one or more copy of a polynucleotide encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein, and in some instances comprising multiple copies, is transformed into the cell under conditions suitable for expression of the variant. In some embodiments, a polynucleotide sequence encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein (as well as other sequences included in the vector) is integrated into the genome of the host cell, while in other embodiments, a plasmid vector comprising a polynucleotide sequence encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein remains as autonomous extra-chromosomal element within the cell. Some embodiments provide both extrachromosomal nucleic acid elements as well as incoming nucleotide sequences that are integrated into the host cell genome. The vectors described herein are useful for production of the one or more subtilisin variant described herein. In some embodiments, a polynucleotide construct encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein is present on an integrating vector that enables the integration and optionally the amplification of the polynucleotide encoding the variant into the host chromosome. Examples of sites for integration are well known to those skilled in the art. In some embodiments, transcription of a polynucleotide encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein is effectuated by a promoter that is the wildtype promoter for the parent subtilisin. In some other embodiments, the promoter is heterologous to the one or more subtilisin variant described herein, but is functional in the host cell. Exemplary promoters for use in bacterial host cells include, but are not limited to the amyE, amyQ, amyL, pstS, sacB, pSPAC, pAprE, pVeg, pHpall promoters; the promoter of the B. stearothermophilus maltogenic amylase gene; the B. amyloliquefaciens (BAN) amylase gene; the B. subtilis alkaline protease gene; the B. clausii alkaline protease gene; the B. pumilis xylosidase gene; the B. thuringiensis cryIIIA; and the B. licheniformis alpha-amylase gene. Additional promoters include, but are not limited to the A4 promoter, as well as phage Lambda PR or PL promoters and the E. coli lac, trp or tac promoters.

One or more subtilisin variant described herein can be produced in host cells of any suitable microorganism, including bacteria and fungi. In some embodiments, one or more subtilisin variant described herein can be produced in Gram-positive bacteria. In some embodiments, the host cells are Bacillus spp., Streptomyces spp., Escherichia spp., Aspergillus spp., Trichoderma spp., Pseudomonas spp., Corynebacterium spp., Saccharomyces spp., or Pichia spp. In some embodiments, one or more subtilisin variant described herein is produced by Bacillus sp. host cells. Examples of Bacillus sp. host cells that find use in the production of the one or more subtilisin variant described herein include, but are not limited to B. licheniformis, B. lentus, B. subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. brevis, B. stearothermophilus, B. alkalophilus, B. coagulans, B. circulans, B. pumilis, B. thuringiensis, B. clausii, and B. megaterium, as well as other organisms within the genus Bacillus. In some embodiments, B. subtilis host cells are used to produce the variants described herein. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,264,366 and 4,760,025 (RE 34,606) describe various Bacillus host strains that can be used to produce one or more subtilisin variant described herein, although other suitable strains can be used.

Several bacterial strains that can be used to produce one or more subtilisin variant described herein include non-recombinant (i.e., wildtype) Bacillus sp. strains, as well as variants of naturally-occurring strains and/or recombinant strains. In some embodiments, the host strain is a recombinant strain, wherein a polynucleotide encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein has been introduced into the host. In some embodiments, the host strain is a B. subtilis host strain and particularly a recombinant B. subtilis host strain. Numerous B. subtilis strains are known, including, but not limited to for example, 1A6 (ATCC 39085), 168 (1A01), SB19, W23, Ts85, B637, PB1753 through PB1758, PB3360, JH642, 1A243 (ATCC 39,087), ATCC 21332, ATCC 6051, MI113, DE100 (ATCC 39,094), GX4931, PBT 110, and PEP 211strain (See e.g., Hoch et al., Genetics 73:215-228 (1973); See also, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,450,235; 4,302,544; and EP 0134048). The use of B. subtilis as an expression host cell is well known in the art (See e.g., Palva et al., Gene 19:81-87 (1982); Fahnestock and Fischer, J. Bacteriol., 165:796-804 (1986); and Wang et al., Gene 69:39-47 (1988)).

In some embodiments, the Bacillus host cell is a Bacillus sp. that includes a mutation or deletion in at least one of the following genes: degU, degS, degR and degQ. In some embodiments, the mutation is in a degU gene, and in some embodiments the mutation is degU(Hy)32 (See e.g., Msadek et al., J. Bacteriol. 172:824-834 (1990); and Olmos et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 253:562-567 (1997)). In some embodiments, the Bacillus host comprises a mutation or deletion in scoC4 (See e.g., Caldwell et al., J. Bacteriol. 183:7329-7340 (2001)); spoIIE (See e.g., Arigoni et al., Mol. Microbiol. 31:1407-1415 (1999)); and/or oppA or other genes of the opp operon (See e.g., Perego et al., Mol. Microbiol. 5:173-185 (1991)). Indeed, it is contemplated that any mutation in the opp operon that causes the same phenotype as a mutation in the oppA gene will find use in some embodiments of the altered Bacillus strain described herein. In some embodiments, these mutations occur alone, while in other embodiments, combinations of mutations are present. In some embodiments, an altered Bacillus host cell strain that can be used to produce one or more subtilisin variant described herein is a Bacillus host strain that already includes a mutation in one or more of the above-mentioned genes. In addition, Bacillus sp. host cells that comprise mutation(s) and/or deletion(s) of endogenous protease genes find use. In some embodiments, the Bacillus host cell comprises a deletion of the aprE and the nprE genes. In other embodiments, the Bacillus sp. host cell comprises a deletion of 5 protease genes, while in other embodiments the Bacillus sp. host cell comprises a deletion of 9 protease genes (See e.g., US 2005/0202535).

Host cells are transformed with one or more nucleic acid sequence encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein using any suitable method known in the art. Methods for introducing a nucleic acid (e.g., DNA) into Bacillus cells or E. coli cells utilizing plasmid DNA constructs or vectors and transforming such plasmid DNA constructs or vectors into such cells are well known. In some embodiments, the plasmids are subsequently isolated from E. coli cells and transformed into Bacillus cells. However, it is not essential to use intervening microorganisms such as E. coli, and in some embodiments, a DNA construct or vector is directly introduced into a Bacillus host.

Exemplary methods for introducing one or more nucleic acid sequence described herein into Bacillus cells are described in, for example, Ferrari et al., “Genetics,” in Harwood et al. [eds.], Bacillus, Plenum Publishing Corp. (1989), pp. 57-72; Saunders et al., J. Bacteriol. 157:718-726 (1984); Hoch et al., J. Bacteriol. 93:1925-1937 (1967); Mann et al., Current Microbiol. 13:131-135 (1986); Holubova, Folia Microbiol. 30:97 (1985); Chang et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 168:11-115 (1979); Vorobjeva et al., FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 7:261-263 (1980); Smith et al., Appl. Env. Microbiol. 51:634 (1986); Fisher et al., Arch. Microbiol. 139:213-217 (1981); and McDonald, J. Gen. Microbiol. 130:203 (1984)). Indeed, such methods as transformation, including protoplast transformation and transfection, transduction, and protoplast fusion are well known and suited for use herein. Methods known in the art to transform Bacillus cells include such methods as plasmid marker rescue transformation, which involves the uptake of a donor plasmid by competent cells carrying a partially homologous resident plasmid (See, Contente et al., Plasmid 2:555-571 (1979); Haima et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 223:185-191 (1990); Weinrauch et al., J. Bacteriol. 154:1077-1087 (1983); and Weinrauch et al., J. Bacteriol. 169:1205-1211 (1987)). In this method, the incoming donor plasmid recombines with the homologous region of the resident “helper” plasmid in a process that mimics chromosomal transformation.

In addition to commonly used methods, in some embodiments, host cells are directly transformed with a DNA construct or vector comprising a nucleic acid encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein (i.e., an intermediate cell is not used to amplify, or otherwise process, the DNA construct or vector prior to introduction into the host cell). Introduction of a DNA construct or vector described herein into the host cell includes those physical and chemical methods known in the art to introduce a nucleic acid sequence (e.g., DNA sequence) into a host cell without insertion into the host genome. Such methods include, but are not limited to calcium chloride precipitation, electroporation, naked DNA, and liposomes. In additional embodiments, DNA constructs or vector are co-transformed with a plasmid, without being inserted into the plasmid. In further embodiments, a selective marker is deleted from the altered Bacillus strain by methods known in the art (See, Stahl et al., J. Bacteriol. 158:411-418 (1984); and Palmeros et al., Gene 247:255-264 (2000)).

In some embodiments, the transformed cells are cultured in conventional nutrient media. The suitable specific culture conditions, such as temperature, pH and the like are known to those skilled in the art and are well described in the scientific literature. Some embodiments provide a culture (e.g., cell culture) comprising one or more subtilisin variant or nucleic acid sequence described herein.

In some embodiments, host cells transformed with one or more polynucleotide sequence encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein are cultured in a suitable nutrient medium under conditions permitting the expression of the variant, after which the resulting variant is recovered from the culture. In some embodiments, the variant produced by the cells is recovered from the culture medium by conventional procedures, including, but not limited to, for example, separating the host cells from the medium by centrifugation or filtration, precipitating the proteinaceous components of the supernatant or filtrate by means of a salt (e.g., ammonium sulfate), and chromatographic purification (e.g., ion exchange, gel filtration, affinity, etc.).

In some embodiments, one or more subtilisin variant produced by a recombinant host cell is secreted into the culture medium. A nucleic acid sequence that encodes a purification facilitating domain may be used to facilitate purification of the variant. A vector or DNA construct comprising a polynucleotide sequence encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein may further comprise a nucleic acid sequence encoding a purification facilitating domain to facilitate purification of the variant (See e.g., Kroll et al., DNA Cell Biol. 12:441-53 (1993)). Such purification facilitating domains include, but are not limited to, for example, metal chelating peptides such as histidine-tryptophan modules that allow purification on immobilized metals (See, Porath, Protein Expr. Purif. 3:263-281 [1992]), protein A domains that allow purification on immobilized immunoglobulin, and the domain utilized in the FLAGS extension/affinity purification system. The inclusion of a cleavable linker sequence such as Factor XA or enterokinase (e.g., sequences available from Invitrogen, San Diego, Calif.) between the purification domain and the heterologous protein also find use to facilitate purification.

A variety of methods can be used to determine the level of production of one or more mature subtilisin variant described herein in a host cell. Such methods include, but are not limited to, for example, methods that utilize either polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies specific for the protease. Exemplary methods include, but are not limited to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), radioimmunoassays (MA), fluorescent immunoassays (FIA), and fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS). These and other assays are well known in the art (See e.g., Maddox et al., J. Exp. Med. 158:1211 (1983)).

Some other embodiments provide methods for making or producing one or more mature subtilisin variant described herein. A mature subtilisin variant does not include a signal peptide or a propeptide sequence. Some methods comprise making or producing one or more subtilisin variant described herein in a recombinant bacterial host cell, such as for example, a Bacillus sp. cell (e.g., a B. subtilis cell). Other embodiments provide a method of producing one or more subtilisin variant described herein, wherein the method comprises cultivating a recombinant host cell comprising a recombinant expression vector comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding one or more subtilisin variant described herein under conditions conducive to the production of the variant. Some such methods further comprise recovering the variant from the culture.

Further embodiments provide methods of producing one or more subtilisin variant described herein, wherein the methods comprise: (a) introducing a recombinant expression vector comprising a nucleic acid encoding the variant into a population of cells (e.g., bacterial cells, such as B. subtilis cells); and (b) culturing the cells in a culture medium under conditions conducive to produce the variant encoded by the expression vector. Some such methods further comprise: (c) isolating the variant from the cells or from the culture medium.

Unless otherwise noted, all component or composition levels provided herein are made in reference to the active level of that component or composition, and are exclusive of impurities, for example, residual solvents or by-products, which may be present in commercially available sources. Enzyme components weights are based on total active protein. All percentages and ratios are calculated by weight unless otherwise indicated. All percentages and ratios are calculated based on the total composition unless otherwise indicated. Compositions described herein include cleaning compositions, such as detergent compositions. In the exemplified detergent compositions, the enzyme levels are expressed by pure enzyme by weight of the total composition and unless otherwise specified, the detergent ingredients are expressed by weight of the total compositions.

In one embodiment, one or more subtilisin variant described herein is useful in cleaning applications, such as, for example, but not limited to, cleaning dishware or tableware items, fabrics, medical instruments and items having hard surfaces (e.g., the hard surface of a table, table top, wall, furniture item, floor, and ceiling). In other embodiments, one or more subtilisin variant described herein is useful in disinfecting applications, such as, for example, but not limited to, disinfecting an automatic dishwashing or laundry machine. In other embodiments, one or more subtilisin variant described herein and compositions comprising such variant are useful in applications to remove or prevent malodor, such as, for example, but not limited to, on laundry, hard surfaces, automatic dishwashing or laundry machines.

Another embodiment is directed to a composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein. In some embodiments, the composition is a cleaning composition. In other embodiments, the composition is a detergent composition. In yet other embodiments, the composition is selected from a laundry detergent composition, an automatic dishwashing (ADW) composition, a hand (manual) dishwashing detergent composition, a hard surface cleaning composition, an eyeglass cleaning composition, a medical instrument cleaning composition, a disinfectant (e.g., malodor or microbial) composition, and a personal care cleaning composition. In still other embodiments, the composition is a laundry detergent composition, an ADW composition, or a hand (manual) dishwashing detergent composition. Even still further embodiments are directed to fabric cleaning compositions, while other embodiments are directed to non-fabric cleaning compositions. In some embodiments, the cleaning composition is boron-free. In other embodiments, the cleaning composition is phosphate-free. In still other embodiments, the composition comprises one or more subtilisin variant described herein and one or more of an excipient, adjunct material, and/or additional enzyme.

In yet still a further embodiment, the composition described herein contains phosphate, is phosphate-free, contains boron, is boron-free, or combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the composition is a boron-free composition. In some embodiments, a boron-free composition is a composition to which a borate stabilizer has not been added. In another embodiment, a boron-free composition is a composition that contains less than 5.5% boron. In a still further embodiment, a boron-free composition is a composition that contains less than 4.5% boron. In yet still another embodiment, a boron-free composition is a composition that contains less than 3.5% boron. In yet still a further embodiment, a boron-free composition is a composition that contains less than 2.5% boron. In even further embodiments, a boron-free composition is a composition that contains less than 1.5% boron. In another embodiment, a boron-free composition is a composition that contains less than 1.0% boron. In still further embodiments, a boron-free composition is a composition that contains less than 0.5% boron. In still further embodiments, a boron-free composition is a composition substantially free of boron. In other embodiments, the composition is a composition free or substantially free of enzyme stabilizers or peptide inhibitors.

In another embodiment, one or more composition described herein is in a form selected from gel, tablet, powder, granular, solid, liquid, unit dose, and combinations thereof. In yet another embodiment, one or more composition described herein is in a form selected from a low water compact formula, low water HDL or Unit Dose (UD), or high water formula or HDL. In some embodiments, the cleaning composition described herein is in a unit dose form. In other embodiments, the unit dose form is selected from pills, tablets, capsules, gelcaps, sachets, pouches, multi-compartment pouches, and pre-measured powders or liquids. In some embodiments, the unit dose format is designed to provide controlled release of the ingredients within a multi-compartment pouch (or other unit dose format). Suitable unit dose and controlled release formats are described, for example, in EP 2100949; WO 02/102955; U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,765,916; 4,972,017; and WO 04/111178. In some embodiments, the unit dose form is a tablet or powder contained in a water-soluble film or pouch.

Exemplary laundry detergent compositions include, but are not limited to, for example, liquid and powder laundry detergent compositions. Exemplary hard surface cleaning compositions include, but are not limited to, for example, compositions used to clean the hard surface of a non-dishware item, non-tableware item, table, table top, furniture item, wall, floor, and ceiling. Exemplary hard surface cleaning compositions are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,610,642, 6,376,450, and 6,376,450. Exemplary personal care compositions include, but are not limited to, compositions used to clean dentures, teeth, hair, contact lenses, and skin. Exemplary components of such oral care composition include those described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,376,450.

In some embodiments, one or more subtilisin variant described herein cleans at low temperatures. In other embodiments, one or more composition described herein cleans at low temperatures. In other embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises an effective amount of one or more subtilisin variant described herein as useful or effective for cleaning a surface in need of proteinaceous stain removal.

In some embodiments, adjunct materials are incorporated, for example, to assist or enhance cleaning performance; for treatment of the substrate to be cleaned; or to modify the aesthetics of the cleaning composition as is the case with perfumes, colorants, dyes or the like. One embodiment is directed to a composition comprising one or more adjunct material and one or more subtilisin variant described herein. Another embodiment is directed to a composition comprising one or more adjunct material and one or more subtilisin variant described herein, wherein the adjunct material is selected from a bleach catalyst, an additional enzyme, an enzyme stabilizer (including, for example, an enzyme stabilizing system), a chelant, an optical brightener, a soil release polymer, a dye transfer agent, a dispersant, a suds suppressor, a dye, a perfume, a colorant, a filler, a photoactivator, a fluorescer, a fabric conditioner, a hydrolyzable surfactant, a preservative, an anti-oxidant, an anti-shrinkage agent, an anti-wrinkle agent, a germicide, a fungicide, a color speckle, a silvercare agent, an anti-tarnish agent, an anti-corrosion agent, an alkalinity source, a solubilizing agent, a carrier, a processing aid, a pigment, a pH control agent, a surfactant, a builder, a chelating agent, a dye transfer inhibiting agent, a deposition aid, a catalytic material, a bleach activator, a bleach booster, a hydrogen peroxide, a source of hydrogen peroxide, a preformed peracid, a polymeric dispersing agent, a clay soil removal/anti-redeposition agent, a structure elasticizing agent, a fabric softener, a carrier, a hydrotrope, a processing aid, a pigment, and combinations thereof. Exemplary adjunct materials and levels of use are found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,576,282; 6,306,812; 6,326,348; 6,610,642; 6,605,458; 5,705,464; 5,710,115; 5,698,504; 5,695,679; 5,686,014 and 5,646,101. In embodiments in which one or more cleaning adjunct material is not compatible with one or more subtilisin variant described herein, methods are employed to keep the adjunct material and variant(s) separated (i.e., not in contact with each other) until combination of the two components is appropriate. Such separation methods include any suitable method known in the art (e.g., gelcaps, encapsulation, tablets, physical separation, etc.).

Some embodiments are directed to cleaning additive products comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein. In some embodiments, the additive is packaged in a dosage form for addition to a cleaning process. In some embodiments, the additive is packaged in a dosage form for addition to a cleaning process where a source of peroxygen is employed and increased bleaching effectiveness is desired.

Exemplary fillers or carriers for granular compositions include, but are not limited to, for example, various salts of sulfate, carbonate and silicate; talc; and clay. Exemplary fillers or carriers for liquid compositions include, but are not limited to, for example, water or low molecular weight primary and secondary alcohols including polyols and diols (e.g., methanol, ethanol, propanol and isopropanol). In some embodiments, the compositions contain from about 5% to about 90% of such filler or carrier. Acidic fillers may be included in such compositions to reduce the pH of the resulting solution in the cleaning method or application.

In one embodiment, one or more cleaning composition described herein comprises an effective amount of one or more subtilisin variant described herein, alone or in combination with one or more additional enzyme. Typically, a cleaning composition comprises at least about 0.0001 to about 20 wt %, from about 0.0001 to about 10 wt %, from about 0.0001 to about 1 wt %, from about 0.001 to about 1 wt %, or from about 0.01 to about 0.1 wt % of one or more protease. In another embodiment, one or more cleaning composition described herein comprises from about 0.01 to about 10 mg, about 0.01 to about 5 mg, about 0.01 to about 2 mg, about 0.01 to about 1 mg, about 0.05 to about 1 mg, about 0.5 to about 10 mg, about 0.5 to about 5 mg, about 0.5 to about 4 mg, about 0.5 to about 3 mg, about 0.5 to about 2 mg, about 0.5 to about 1 mg, about 0.1 to about 10 mg, about 0.1 to about 5 mg, about 0.1 to about 4 mg, about 0.1 to about 3 mg, about 0.1 to about 2 mg, about 0.1 to about 1 mg, or about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg of one or more protease per gram of composition.

The cleaning compositions described herein are typically formulated such that during use in aqueous cleaning operations, the wash water will have a pH of from about 4.0 to about 11.5, or even from about 5.0 to about 11.5, or even from about 5.0 to about 8.0, or even from about 7.5 to about 10.5. Liquid product formulations are typically formulated to have a pH from about 3.0 to about 9.0 or even from about 3 to about 5. Granular laundry products are typically formulated to have a pH from about 8 to about 11. In some embodiments, the cleaning compositions of the present invention can be formulated to have an alkaline pH under wash conditions, such as a pH of from about 8.0 to about 12.0, or from about 8.5 to about 11.0, or from about 9.0 to about 11.0. In some embodiments, the cleaning compositions of the present invention can be formulated to have a neutral pH under wash conditions, such as a pH of from about 5.0 to about 8.0, or from about 5.5 to about 8.0, or from about 6.0 to about 8.0, or from about 6.0 to about 7.5. In some embodiments, the neutral pH conditions can be measured when the cleaning composition is dissolved 1:100 (wt:wt) in de-ionised water at 20° C., measured using a conventional pH meter. Techniques for controlling pH at recommended usage levels include the use of buffers, alkalis, acids, etc., and are well known to those skilled in the art.

In some embodiments, one or more subtilisin variant described herein is encapsulated to protect it during storage from the other components in the composition and/or control the availability of the variant during cleaning. In some embodiments, encapsulation enhances the performance of the variant and/or additional enzyme. In some embodiments, the encapsulating material typically encapsulates at least part of the subtilisin variant described herein. Typically, the encapsulating material is water-soluble and/or water-dispersible. In some embodiments, the encapsulating material has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 0° C. or higher. Exemplary encapsulating materials include, but are not limited to, carbohydrates, natural or synthetic gums, chitin, chitosan, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, silicates, phosphates, borates, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, paraffin waxes, and combinations thereof. When the encapsulating material is a carbohydrate, it is typically selected from monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the encapsulating material is a starch (See e.g., EP0922499, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,977,252, 5,354,559, and 5,935,826). In some embodiments, the encapsulating material is a microsphere made from plastic such as thermoplastics, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, polyacrylonitrile, polymethacrylonitrile and mixtures thereof. Exemplary commercial microspheres include, but are not limited to EXPANCEL® (Stockviksverken, Sweden); and PM 6545, PM 6550, PM 7220, PM 7228, EXTENDOSPHERES®, LUXSIL®, Q-CEL®, and SPHERICEL® (PQ Corp., Valley Forge, Pa.).

There are a variety of wash conditions including varying detergent formulations, wash water volumes, wash water temperatures, and lengths of wash time to which one or more subtilisin variant described herein may be exposed. A low detergent concentration system is directed to wash water containing less than about 800 ppm detergent components. A medium detergent concentration system is directed to wash containing between about 800 ppm and about 2000 ppm detergent components. A high detergent concentration system is directed to wash water containing greater than about 2000 ppm detergent components. In some embodiments, the “cold water washing” of the present invention utilizes “cold water detergent” suitable for washing at temperatures from about 10° C. to about 40° C., from about 20° C. to about 30° C., or from about 15° C. to about 25° C., as well as all other combinations within the range of about 15° C. to about 35° C. or 10° C. to 40° C.

Different geographies have different water hardness. Hardness is a measure of the amount of calcium (Ca²⁺) and magnesium (Mg²⁺) in the water. Water hardness is usually described in terms of the grains per gallon (gpg) mixed Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺. Most water in the United States is hard, but the degree of hardness varies. Moderately hard (60-120 ppm) to hard (121-181 ppm) water has 60 to 181 ppm (ppm can be converted to grains per U.S. gallon by dividing ppm by 17.1) of hardness minerals.

Water Grains per gallon Parts per million Soft less than 1.0 less than 17 Slightly hard 1.0 to 3.5 17 to 60 Moderately hard 3.5 to 7.0  60 to 120 Hard  7.0 to 10.5 120 to 180 Very hard greater than 10.5 greater than 180

Other embodiments are directed to one or more cleaning composition comprising from about 0.00001% to about 10% by weight composition of one or more subtilisin variant described herein and from about 99.999% to about 90.0% by weight composition of one or more adjunct material. In another embodiment, the cleaning composition comprises from about 0.0001% to about 10%, about 0.001% to about 5%, about 0.001% to about 2%, or about 0.005% to about 0.5% by weight composition of one or more subtilisin variant and from about 99.9999% to about 90.0%, about 99.999% to about 98%, about 99.995% to about 99.5% by weight composition of one or more adjunct material.

In other embodiments, the composition described herein comprises one or more subtilisin variant described herein and one or more additional enzyme. The one or more additional enzyme is selected from acyl transferases, alpha-amylases, beta-amylases, alpha-galactosidases, arabinosidases, aryl esterases, beta-galactosidases, carrageenases, catalases, cellobiohydrolases, cellulases, chondroitinases, cutinases, endo-beta-1, 4-glucanases, endo-beta-mannanases, esterases, exo-mannanases, galactanases, glucoamylases, hemicellulases, hyaluronidases, keratinases, laccases, lactases, ligninases, lipases, lipoxygenases, mannanases, metalloproteases, nucleases, oxidases, oxidoreductases, pectate lyases, pectin acetyl esterases, pectinases, pentosanases, peroxidases, phenoloxidases, phosphatases, phospholipases, phytases, polygalacturonases, polyesterases, additional proteases, pullulanases, reductases, rhamnogalacturonases, beta-glucanases, tannases, transglutaminases, xylan acetyl-esterases, xylanases, xyloglucanases, xylosidases, and any combination or mixture thereof. Some embodiments are directed to a combination of enzymes (i.e., a “cocktail”) comprising conventional enzymes like amylase, lipase, cutinase, mannanase and/or cellulase in conjunction with one or more subtilisin variant described herein and/or one or more additional protease.

In another embodiment, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more subtilisin variant described herein and one or more additional protease. In one embodiment, the additional protease is a serine protease. In another embodiment, the additional protease is an alkaline microbial protease or a trypsin-like protease. Suitable additional proteases include those of animal, plant or microbial origin. In some embodiments, the additional protease is a microbial protease. In other embodiments, the additional protease is a chemically or genetically modified mutant. In another embodiment, the additional protease is a metalloprotease, a fungal subtilisin, an alkaline microbial protease or a trypsin-like protease. Exemplary alkaline proteases include subtilisins derived from, for example, Bacillus (e.g., subtilis, lentus, amyloliquefaciens, licheniformis, gibsonii, clausii, alkalophilus, subtilisin 309, subtilisin 147 and subtilisin 168). Exemplary additional proteases include but are not limited to those described in WO92/21760, WO95/23221, WO2008/010925, WO09/149200, WO09/149144, WO09/149145, WO 10/056640, WO10/056653, WO2010/0566356, WO11/072099, WO2011/13022, WO11/140364, WO 12/151534, WO2015/038792, WO2015/089447, WO2015/089441, US Publ. No. 2008/0090747, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,801,039, 5,340,735, 5,500,364, 5,855,625, RE 34,606, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,955,340, 5,700,676 6,312,936, 6,482,628, 8,530,219, U.S. Provisional Appl Nos. 62/180,673 and 62/161,077, and PCT Appl Nos. PCT/US2015/021813, PCT/US2015/055900, PCT/US2015/057497, PCT/US2015/057492, PCT/US2015/057512, PCT/US2015/057526, PCT/US2015/057520, PCT/US2015/057502, PCT/US2016/022282, and PCT/US16/32514, as well as metalloproteases described in WO1999014341, WO1999033960, WO1999014342, WO1999034003, WO2007044993, WO2009058303, WO 2009058661, WO2014071410, WO2014194032, WO2014194034, WO 2014194054, and WO 2014/194117. Exemplary additional proteases include, but are not limited to trypsin (e.g., of porcine or bovine origin) and the Fusarium protease described in WO89/06270. Exemplary commercial proteases include, but are not limited to MAXATASE®, MAXACAL™, MAXAPEM™, OPTICLEAN®, OPTIMASE®, PROPERASE®, PURAFECT®, PURAFECT® OXP, PURAMAX™, EXCELLASE™, PREFERENZ™ proteases (e.g. P100, P110, P280, P300), EFFECTENZ™ proteases (e.g. P1000, P1050, P2000), EXCELLENZ™ proteases (e.g. P1000), ULTIMASE®, and PURAFAST™ (DuPont); ALCALASE®, BLAZE®, and BLAZE® variants, BLAZE® EVITY® 16L, CORONASE®, SAVINASE®, SAVINASE® ULTRA, SAVINASE® EVITY®, SAVINASE® EVERTS®, PRIMASE®, DURAZYM™, POLARZYME®, OVOZYME®, KANNASE®, LIQUANASE®, LIQUANASE EVERTS®, NEUTRASE®, RELASE®, PROGRESS®, EASYZYME®, and ESPERASE® (Novozymes); BLAP™ and BLAP™ variants (Henkel); KAP (B. alkalophilus subtilisin (Kao)); and BIOTOUCH® (AB Enzymes). Exemplary metalloproteases include nprE, the recombinant form of neutral metalloprotease expressed in B. subtilis (See e.g., WO 07/044993), and PMN, the purified neutral metalloprotease from B. amyloliquefaciens.

Another embodiment is directed to a composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein and one or more lipase. In some embodiments, the composition comprises from about 0.00001% to about 10%, about 0.0001% to about 10%, about 0.001% to about 5%, about 0.001% to about 2%, or about 0.005% to about 0.5% lipase by weight composition. An exemplary lipase can be a chemically or genetically modified mutant. Exemplary lipases include, but are not limited to, e.g., those of bacterial or fungal origin, such as, e.g., H. lanuginosa lipase (see, e.g., EP 258068 and EP 305216), T lanuginosus lipase (see, e.g., WO 2014/059360 and WO2015/010009), Rhizomucor miehei lipase (see, e.g., EP 238023), Candida lipase, such as C. antarctica lipase (e.g., C. antarctica lipase A or B) (see, e.g., EP 214761), Pseudomonas lipases such as P. alcaligenes and P. pseudoalcaligenes lipase (see, e.g., EP 218272), P. cepacia lipase (see, e.g., EP 331376), P. stutzeri lipase (see, e.g., GB 1,372,034), P. fluorescens lipase, Bacillus lipase (e.g., B. subtilis lipase (Dartois et al., Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1131:253-260 (1993)), B. stearothermophilus lipase (see, e.g., JP 64/744992), and B. pumilus lipase (see, e.g., WO 91/16422)). Exemplary cloned lipases include, but not limited to Penicillium camembertii lipase (See, Yamaguchi et al., Gene 103:61-67 (1991)), Geotricum candidum lipase (See, Schimada et al., J. Biochem., 106:383-388 (1989)), and various Rhizopus lipases, such as, R. delemar lipase (See, Hass et al., Gene 109:117-113 (1991)), R. niveus lipase (Kugimiya et al., Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 56:716-719 (1992)) and R. oryzae lipase. Other lipolytic enzymes, such as cutinases, may also find use in one or more composition described herein, including, but not limited to, e.g., cutinase derived from Pseudomonas mendocina (see, WO 88/09367) and/or Fusarium solani pisi (see, WO90/09446). Exemplary commercial lipases include, but are not limited to M1 LIPASE™, LUMA FAST™, and LIPOMAX™ (DuPont); LIPEX®, LIPOCLEAN®, LIPOLASE® and LIPOLASE® ULTRA (Novozymes); and LIPASE P™ (Amano Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd).

A still further embodiment is directed to a composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein and one or more amylase. In one embodiment, the composition comprises from about 0.00001% to about 10%, about 0.0001% to about 10%, about 0.001% to about 5%, about 0.001% to about 2%, or about 0.005% to about 0.5% amylase by weight composition. Any amylase (e.g., alpha and/or beta) suitable for use in alkaline solutions may be useful to include in such composition. An exemplary amylase can be a chemically or genetically modified mutant. Exemplary amylases include, but are not limited to those of bacterial or fungal origin, such as, for example, amylases described in GB 1,296,839, WO9100353, WO9402597, WO94183314, WO9510603, WO9526397, WO9535382, WO9605295, WO9623873, WO9623874, WO 9630481, WO9710342, WO9741213, WO9743424, WO9813481, WO 9826078, WO9902702, WO 9909183, WO9919467, WO9923211, WO9929876, WO9942567, WO 9943793, WO9943794, WO 9946399, WO0029560, WO0060058, WO0060059, WO0060060, WO 0114532, WO0134784, WO 0164852, WO0166712, WO0188107, WO0196537, WO02092797, WO 0210355, WO0231124, WO 2004055178, WO2004113551, WO2005001064, WO2005003311, WO 2005018336, WO2005019443, WO2005066338, WO2006002643, WO2006012899, WO2006012902, WO2006031554, WO 2006063594, WO2006066594, WO2006066596, WO2006136161, WO 2008000825, WO2008088493, WO2008092919, WO2008101894, WO2008/112459, WO2009061380, WO2009061381, WO 2009100102, WO2009140504, WO2009149419, WO 2010/059413, WO 2010088447, WO2010091221, WO2010104675, WO2010115021, WO10115028, WO2010117511, WO 2011076123, WO2011076897, WO2011080352, WO2011080353, WO 2011080354, WO2011082425, WO2011082429, WO 2011087836, WO2011098531, WO2013063460, WO2013184577, WO 2014099523, WO2014164777, and WO2015077126. Exemplary commercial amylases include, but are not limited to AMPLIFY®, DURAMYL®, TERMAMYL®, FUNGAMYL®, STAINZYME®, STAINZYME PLUS®, STAINZYME PLUS®, STAINZYME ULTRA®EVITY®, and BAN™ (Novozymes); EFFECTENZ™ S 1000, POWERASE™, PREFERENZ™ S 100, PREFERENZ™ S 110, EXCELLENZ™ S 2000, RAPIDASE® and MAXAMYL® P (DuPont).

Yet a still further embodiment is directed to a composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein and one or more cellulase. In one embodiment, the composition comprises from about 0.00001% to about 10%, 0.0001% to about 10%, about 0.001% to about 5%, about 0.001% to about 2%, or about 0.005% to about 0.5% cellulase by weight of composition. Any suitable cellulase may find use in a composition described herein. An exemplary cellulase can be a chemically or genetically modified mutant. Exemplary cellulases include, but are not limited to, those of bacterial or fungal origin, such as, for example, those described in WO2005054475, WO2005056787, U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,449,318, 7,833,773, 4,435,307; EP 0495257; and U.S. Provisional Appl. No. 62/296,678. Exemplary commercial cellulases include, but are not limited to, CELLUCLEAN®, CELLUZYME®, CAREZYME®, ENDOLASE®, RENOZYME®, and CAREZYME® PREMIUM (Novozymes); REVITALENZ™ 100, REVITALENZ™ 200/220, and REVITALENZ® 2000 (DuPont); and KAC-500(B)™ (Kao Corporation). In some embodiments, cellulases are incorporated as portions or fragments of mature wildtype or variant cellulases, wherein a portion of the N-terminus is deleted (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,874,276).

An even still further embodiment is directed to a composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein and one or more mannanase. In one embodiment, the composition comprises from about 0.00001% to about 10%, about 0.0001% to about 10%, about 0.001% to about 5%, about 0.001% to about 2%, or about 0.005% to about 0.5% mannanase by weight composition. An exemplary mannanase can be a chemically or genetically modified mutant. Exemplary mannanases include, but are not limited to, those of bacterial or fungal origin, such as, for example, those described in WO 2016/007929; U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,566,114; 6,602,842; and 6,440,991: and U.S. Provisional Appl. Nos. 62/251,516, 62/278,383, and 62/278,387. Exemplary commercial mannanases include, but are not limited to MANNAWAY® (Novozymes) and EFFECTENZ™ M 1000, PREFERENZ® M 100, MANNASTAR®, and PURABRITE™ (DuPont).

A yet even still further embodiment is directed to a composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein and one or more peroxidase and/or oxidase enzyme. In one embodiment, the composition comprises from about 0.00001% to about 10%, about 0.0001% to about 10%, about 0.001% to about 5%, about 0.001% to about 2%, or about 0.005% to about 0.5% peroxidase or oxidase by weight composition. A peroxidase may be used in combination with hydrogen peroxide or a source thereof (e.g., a percarbonate, perborate or persulfate) and an oxidase may be used in combination with oxygen. Peroxidases and oxidases are used for “solution bleaching” (i.e., to prevent transfer of a textile dye from a dyed fabric to another fabric when the fabrics are washed together in a wash liquor), alone or in combination with an enhancing agent (see, e.g., WO94/12621 and WO95/01426). An exemplary peroxidase and/or oxidase can be a chemically or genetically modified mutant. Exemplary peroxidases/oxidases include, but are not limited to those of plant, bacterial, or fungal origin.

Another embodiment is directed to a composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein, and one or more perhydrolase, such as, for example, those described in WO2005/056782, WO2007/106293, WO 2008/063400, WO2008/106214, and WO2008/106215.

Another embodiment is directed to a composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein, and one or more pectate lyase, such as, for example, XPect®.

In yet another embodiment, the one or more subtilisin variant described herein and one or more additional enzyme contained in one or more composition described herein may each independently range to about 10%, wherein the balance of the cleaning composition is one or more adjunct material.

In some embodiments, one or more composition described herein finds use as a detergent additive, wherein said additive is in a solid or liquid form. Such additive products are intended to supplement and/or boost the performance of conventional detergent compositions and can be added at any stage of the cleaning process. In some embodiments, the density of the laundry detergent composition ranges from about 400 to about 1200 g/liter, while in other embodiments it ranges from about 500 to about 950 g/liter of composition measured at 20° C.

Some embodiments are directed to a laundry detergent composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein and one or more adjunct material selected from surfactants, enzyme stabilizers, builder compounds, polymeric compounds, bleaching agents, additional enzymes, suds suppressors, dispersants, lime-soap dispersants, soil suspension agents, anti-redeposition agents, corrosion inhibitors, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the laundry compositions also contain softening agents.

Further embodiments are directed to manual dishwashing composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein and one or more adjunct material selected from surfactants, organic polymeric compounds, suds enhancing agents, group II metal ions, solvents, hydrotropes, and additional enzymes.

Other embodiments are directed to one or more composition described herein, wherein said composition is a compact granular fabric cleaning composition that finds use in laundering colored fabrics or provides softening through the wash capacity, or is a heavy duty liquid (HDL) fabric cleaning composition. Exemplary fabric cleaning compositions and/or processes for making such compositions are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,610,642 and 6,376,450. Other exemplary cleaning compositions are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,605,458; 6,294,514; 5,929,022; 5,879,584; 5,691,297; 5,565,145; 5,574,005; 5,569,645; 5,565,422; 5,516,448; 5,489,392; and U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,486,303; 4,968,451; 4,597,898; 4,561,998; 4,550,862; 4,537,706; 4,515,707; and 4,515,705.

In some embodiments, the cleaning compositions comprise an acidifying particle or an amino carboxylic builder. Examples of an amino carboxylic builder include aminocarboxylic acids, salts and derivatives thereof. In some embodiment, the amino carboxylic builder is an aminopolycarboxylic builder, such as glycine-N,N-diacetic acid or derivative of general formula MOOC—CHR-N(CH₂COOM)₂ where R is C₁₋₁₂alkyl and M is alkali metal. In some embodiments, the amino carboxylic builder can be methylglycine diacetic acid (MGDA), GLDA (glutamic-N,N-diacetic acid), iminodisuccinic acid (IDA), carboxymethyl inulin and salts and derivatives thereof, aspartic acid-N-monoacetic acid (ASMA), aspartic acid-N,N-diacetic acid (ASDA), aspartic acid-N-monopropionic acid (ASMP), N-(2-sulfomethyl) aspartic acid (SMAS), N-(2-sulfoethyl)aspartic acid (SEAS), N-(2-sulfomethyl)glutamic acid (SMGL), N-(2-sulfoethyl) glutamic acid (SEGL), IDS (iminodiacetic acid) and salts and derivatives thereof such as N-methyliminodiacetic acid (MIDA), alpha-alanine-N,N-diacetic acid (alpha-ALDA), serine-N,N-diacetic acid (SEDA), isoserine-N,N-diacetic acid (ISDA), phenylalanine-N,N-diacetic acid (PHDA), anthranilic acid-N,N-diacetic acid (ANDA), sulfanilic acid-N,N-diacetic acid (SLDA), taurine-N,N-diacetic acid (TUDA) and sulfomethyl-N,N-diacetic acid (SMDA) and alkali metal salts and derivative thereof. In some embodiments, the acidifying particle has a weight geometric mean particle size of from about 400 microns to about 1200 microns and a bulk density of at least 550 g/L. In some embodiments, the acidifying particle comprises at least about 5% of the builder.

In some embodiments, the acidifying particle can comprise any acid, including organic acids and mineral acids. Organic acids can have one or two carboxyls and in some instances up to 15 carbons, especially up to 10 carbons, such as formic, acetic, propionic, capric, oxalic, succinic, adipic, maleic, fumaric, sebacic, malic, lactic, glycolic, tartaric and glyoxylic acids. In some embodiments, the acid is citric acid. Mineral acids include hydrochloric and sulfuric acid. In some instances, the acidifying particle is a highly active particle comprising a high level of amino carboxylic builder. Sulfuric acid has also been found to further contribute to the stability of the final particle.

Additional embodiments are directed to a cleaning composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant and one or more surfactant and/or surfactant system, wherein the surfactant is selected from nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, ampholytic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, semi-polar nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the surfactant is present at a level of from about 0.1 to about 60%, while in alternative embodiments the level is from about 1 to about 50%, while in still further embodiments the level is from about 5 to about 40%, by weight of the cleaning composition.

In some embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more detergent builders or builder systems. In one embodiment, the composition comprises from about 1%, from about 0.1% to about 80%, from about 3% to about 60%, from about 5% to about 40%, or from about 10% to about 50% builder by weight composition. Exemplary builders include, but are not limited to alkali metal; ammonium and alkanolammonium salts of polyphosphates; alkali metal silicates; alkaline earth and alkali metal carbonates; aluminosilicates; polycarboxylate compounds; ether hydroxypolycarboxylates; copolymers of maleic anhydride with ethylene or vinyl methyl ether, 1, 3, 5-trihydroxy benzene-2, 4, 6-trisulphonic acid, and carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid; ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of polyacetic acids such as ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid; polycarboxylates such as mellitic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, oxydisuccinic acid, polymaleic acid, benzene 1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid; and soluble salts thereof. In some such compositions, the builders form water-soluble hardness ion complexes (e.g., sequestering builders), such as citrates and polyphosphates, e.g., sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium tripolyphospate hexahydrate, potassium tripolyphosphate, and mixed sodium and potassium tripolyphosphate. Exemplary builders are described in, e.g., EP 2100949. In some embodiments, the builders include phosphate builders and non-phosphate builders. In some embodiments, the builder is a phosphate builder. In some embodiments, the builder is a non-phosphate builder. In some embodiments, the builder comprises a mixture of phosphate and non-phosphate builders. Exemplary phosphate builders include, but are not limited to mono-phosphates, di-phosphates, tri-polyphosphates or oligomeric-poylphosphates, including the alkali metal salts of these compounds, including the sodium salts. In some embodiments, a builder can be sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). Additionally, the composition can comprise carbonate and/or citrate. Other suitable non-phosphate builders include homopolymers and copolymers of polycarboxylic acids and their partially or completely neutralized salts, monomeric polycarboxylic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids and their salts. In some embodiments, salts of the above mentioned compounds include the ammonium and/or alkali metal salts, i.e. the lithium, sodium, and potassium salts, including sodium salts. Suitable polycarboxylic acids include acyclic, alicyclic, hetero-cyclic and aromatic carboxylic acids, wherein in some embodiments, they can contain at least two carboxyl groups which are in each case separated from one another by, in some instances, no more than two carbon atoms.

In some embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more chelating agent. In one embodiment, the composition comprises from about 0.1% to about 15% or about 3% to about 10% chelating agent by weight composition. Exemplary chelating agents include, but are not limited to, e.g., copper, iron, manganese, and mixtures thereof.

In some embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more deposition aid. Exemplary deposition aids include, but are not limited to, e.g., polyethylene glycol; polypropylene glycol; polycarboxylate; soil release polymers, such as, e.g., polytelephthalic acid; clays such as, e.g., kaolinite, montmorillonite, atapulgite, illite, bentonite, and halloysite; and mixtures thereof.

In other embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more anti-redeposition agent or non-ionic surfactant (which can prevent the re-deposition of soils) (see, e.g., EP 2100949). For example, in ADW compositions, non-ionic surfactants find use for surface modification purposes, in particular for sheeting, to avoid filming and spotting and to improve shine. These non-ionic surfactants also find use in preventing the re-deposition of soils. In some embodiments, the non-ionic surfactant can be ethoxylated nonionic surfactants, epoxy-capped poly(oxyalkylated) alcohols and amine oxides surfactants.

In some embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more dye transfer inhibiting agent. Exemplary polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents include, but are not limited to, polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers, polyamine N-oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole, polyvinyloxazolidones, polyvinylimidazoles, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the composition comprises from about 0.0001% to about 10%, about 0.01% to about 5%, or about 0.1% to about 3% dye transfer inhibiting agent by weight composition.

In some embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more silicate. Exemplary silicates include, but are not limited to, sodium silicates, e.g., sodium disilicate, sodium metasilicate, and crystalline phyllosilicates. In some embodiments, silicates are present at a level of from about 1% to about 20% or about 5% to about 15% by weight of the composition.

In some still additional embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more dispersant. Exemplary water-soluble organic materials include, but are not limited to, e.g., homo- or co-polymeric acids or their salts, in which the polycarboxylic acid comprises at least two carboxyl radicals separated from each other by not more than two carbon atoms.

In some further embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more inorganic enzyme stabilizer. In some embodiments, the enzyme stabilizer is water-soluble sources of calcium and/or magnesium ions. In some embodiments, the enzyme stabilizers include oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and inorganic divalent metal salts, including alkaline earth metals, such as calcium salts. In some embodiments, the enzymes employed herein are stabilized by the presence of water-soluble sources of zinc (II), calcium (II) and/or magnesium (II) ions in the finished compositions that provide such ions to the enzymes, as well as other metal ions (e.g., barium (II), scandium (II), iron (II), manganese (II), aluminum (III), tin (II), cobalt (II), copper (II), nickel (II), and oxovanadium (IV)). Chlorides and sulfates also find use in some embodiments. Exemplary oligosaccharides and polysaccharides (e.g., dextrins) are described, for example, in WO 07/145964. In some embodiments, reversible protease inhibitors also find use, such as boron-containing compounds (e.g., borate, 4-formyl phenyl boronic acid, and phenyl-boronic acid derivatives (such for example, those described in WO96/41859) and/or a peptide aldehyde, such as, for example, is further described in WO2009/118375 and WO2013004636.

In other embodiments, the one or more compositions provided herein does not contain an enzyme stabilizer and peptide inhibitors, or contains a reduced amount of an enzyme stabilizer and peptide inhibitors, such as peptide aldehydes. That is, the subtilisin variants provided herein have an increased stability with respect to a reference subtilisin in compositions that lack an enzyme stabilizer or peptide inhibitors, or contain a reduced amount of an enzyme stabilizer or peptide inhibitor.

Peptide aldehydes may be used as protease stabilizers in detergent formulations as previously described (WO199813458, WO2011036153, US20140228274). Examples of peptide aldehyde stabilizers are peptide aldehydes, ketones, or halomethyl ketones and might be ‘N-capped’ with for instance a ureido, a carbamate, or a urea moiety, or ‘doubly N-capped’ with for instance a carbonyl, a ureido, an oxiamide, a thioureido, a dithiooxamide, or a thiooxamide moiety(EP2358857B1). The molar ratio of these inhibitors to the protease may be 0.1:1 to 100:1, e.g. 0.5:1-50:1, 1:1-25:1 or 2:1-10:1. Other examples of protease stabilizers are benzophenone or benzoic acid anilide derivatives, which might contain carboxyl groups (U.S. Pat. No. 7,968,508 B2). The molar ratio of these stabilizers to protease is preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1000:1 in particular 1:1 to 500:1 especially preferably from 1:1 to 100:1, most especially preferably from 1:1 to 20:1.

In some embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more bleach, bleach activator, and/or bleach catalyst. In some embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more inorganic and/or organic bleaching compound. Exemplary inorganic bleaches include, but are not limited to perhydrate salts, e.g., perborate, percarbonate, perphosphate, persulfate, and persilicate salts. In some embodiments, inorganic perhydrate salts are alkali metal salts. In some embodiments, inorganic perhydrate salts are included as the crystalline solid, without additional protection, although in some other embodiments, the salt is coated. Bleach activators are typically organic peracid precursors that enhance the bleaching action in the course of cleaning at temperatures of 60° C. and below. Exemplary bleach activators include compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxoycarboxylic acids having from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, and/or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid. Exemplary bleach activators ae described, for example, in EP 2100949. Exemplary bleach catalysts include, but are not limited to, manganese triazacyclononane and related complexes, as well as cobalt, copper, manganese, and iron complexes. Additional exemplary bleach catalysts are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,246,612; 5,227,084; 4,810,410; WO 99/06521; and EP 2100949.

In some embodiments, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more catalytic metal complexes. In some embodiments, a metal-containing bleach catalyst finds use. In some embodiments, the metal bleach catalyst comprises a catalyst system comprising a transition metal cation of defined bleach catalytic activity (e.g., copper, iron, titanium, ruthenium, tungsten, molybdenum, or manganese cations), an auxiliary metal cation having little or no bleach catalytic activity (e.g., zinc or aluminum cations), and a sequestrate having defined stability constants for the catalytic and auxiliary metal cations, particularly ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetra (methylenephosphonic acid) and water-soluble salts thereof (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,430,243). In some embodiments, one or more composition described herein is catalyzed by means of a manganese compound. Such compounds and levels of use are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,576,282. In additional embodiments, cobalt bleach catalysts find use and are included in one or more composition described herein. Various cobalt bleach catalysts are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,597,936 and 5,595,967.

In some additional embodiments, one or more composition described herein includes a transition metal complex of a macropolycyclic rigid ligand (MRL). As a practical matter, and not by way of limitation, in some embodiments, the compositions and cleaning processes described herein are adjusted to provide on the order of at least one part per hundred million, from about 0.005 ppm to about 25 ppm, about 0.05 ppm to about 10 ppm, or about 0.1 ppm to about 5 ppm of active MRL in the wash liquor. Exemplary MRLs include, but are not limited to special ultra-rigid ligands that are cross-bridged, such as, e.g., 5,12-diethyl-1,5,8,12-tetraazabicyclo(6.6.2)hexadecane. Exemplary metal MRLs are described, for example, in WO 2000/32601 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,225,464.

In another embodiment, one or more composition described herein comprises one or more metal care agent. In some embodiments, the composition comprises from about 0.1% to about 5% metal care agent by weight composition. Exemplary metal care agents include, for example, aluminum, stainless steel, and non-ferrous metals (e.g., silver and copper). Additional exemplary metal care agents are described, for example, in EP 2100949, WO 94/26860, and WO 94/26859. In some compositions, the metal care agent is a zinc salt.

In some embodiments, the cleaning composition is a high density liquid (HDL) composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein. The HDL liquid laundry detergent can comprise a detersive surfactant (10-40%) comprising anionic detersive surfactant selected from a group of linear or branched or random chain, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl sulphates, alkyl sulphonates, alkyl alkoxylated sulphate, alkyl phosphates, alkyl phosphonates, alkyl carboxylates, and/or mixtures thereof; and optionally non-ionic surfactant selected from a group of linear or branched or random chain, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl alkoxylated alcohol, for example, a C₈-C₁₈alkyl ethoxylated alcohol and/or C₆-C₁₂alkyl phenol alkoxylates, optionally wherein the weight ratio of anionic detersive surfactant (with a hydrophilic index (HIc) of from 6.0 to 9) to non-ionic detersive surfactant is greater than 1:1. Suitable detersive surfactants also include cationic detersive surfactants (selected from alkyl pyridinium compounds, alkyl quarternary ammonium compounds, alkyl quarternary phosphonium compounds, alkyl ternary sulphonium compounds, and/or mixtures thereof); zwitterionic and/or amphoteric detersive surfactants (selected from alkanolamine sulpho-betaines); ampholytic surfactants; semi-polar non-ionic surfactants; and mixtures thereof.

In another embodiment, the cleaning composition is a liquid or gel detergent, which is not unit dosed, that may be aqueous, typically containing at least 20% and up to 95% water by weight, such as up to about 70% water by weight, up to about 65% water by weight, up to about 55% water by weight, up to about 45% water by weight, or up to about 35% water by weight. Other types of liquids, including without limitation, alkanols, amines, diols, ethers and polyols may be included in an aqueous liquid or gel. An aqueous liquid or gel detergent may contain from 0-30% organic solvent. A liquid or gel detergent may be non-aqueous.

The composition can comprise optionally, a surfactancy boosting polymer consisting of amphiphilic alkoxylated grease cleaning polymers selected from a group of alkoxylated polymers having branched hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, such as alkoxylated polyalkylenimines in the range of 0.05 wt %-10 wt % and/or random graft polymers typically comprising a hydrophilic backbone comprising monomers selected from the group consisting of: unsaturated C₁-C₆carboxylic acids, ethers, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, sugar units, alkoxy units, maleic anhydride, saturated polyalcohols such as glycerol, and mixtures thereof; and hydrophobic side chain(s) selected from the group consisting of: C₄-C₂₅alkyl group, polypropylene, polybutylene, vinyl ester of a saturated C₂-C₆mono-carboxylic acid, C₁-C₆alkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid, and mixtures thereof.

The composition can comprise additional polymers such as soil release polymers including, for example, anionically end-capped polyesters, for example SRP1; polymers comprising at least one monomer unit selected from saccharide, dicarboxylic acid, polyol and combinations thereof, in random or block configuration; ethylene terephthalate-based polymers and co-polymers thereof in random or block configuration, for example, Repel-o-tex SF, SF-2 and SRP6, Texcare SRA100, SRA300, SRN100, SRN170, SRN240, SRN300 and SRN325, Marloquest SL; anti-redeposition polymers (0.1 wt % to 10 wt %, including, for example, carboxylate polymers, such as polymers comprising at least one monomer selected from acrylic acid, maleic acid (or maleic anhydride), fumaric acid, itaconic acid, aconitic acid, mesaconic acid, citraconic acid, methylenemalonic acid, and any mixture thereof; vinylpyrrolidone homopolymer; and/or polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight in the range of from 500 to 100,000 Da); cellulosic polymer (including, for example, alkyl cellulose; alkyl alkoxyalkyl cellulose; carboxyalkyl cellulose; alkyl carboxyalkyl cellulose, examples of which include carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl carboxymethyl cellulose; and mixtures thereof); and polymeric carboxylate (such as, for example, maleate/acrylate random copolymer or polyacrylate homopolymer).

The composition can further comprise saturated or unsaturated fatty acid, preferably saturated or unsaturated C₁₂-C₂₄fatty acid (0-10 wt %); deposition aids (including, for example, polysaccharides, cellulosic polymers, polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium halides (DADMAC), and co-polymers of DADMAC with vinyl pyrrolidone, acrylamides, imidazoles, imidazolinium halides, and mixtures thereof, in random or block configuration; cationic guar gum; cationic cellulose such as cationic hydoxyethyl cellulose; cationic starch; cationic polyacylamides; and mixtures thereof.

The composition can further comprise dye transfer inhibiting agents examples of which include manganese phthalocyanine, peroxidases, polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers, polyamine N-oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole, polyvinyloxazolidones and polyvinylimidazoles and/or mixtures thereof; chelating agents examples of which include ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA); diethylene triamine penta methylene phosphonic acid (DTPMP); hydroxy-ethane diphosphonic acid (HEDP); ethylenediamine N,N′-disuccinic acid (EDDS); methyl glycine diacetic acid (MGDA); diethylene triamine penta acetic acid (DTPA); propylene diamine tetracetic acid (PDT A); 2-hydroxypyridine-N-oxide (HPNO); or methyl glycine diacetic acid (MGDA); glutamic acid N,N-diacetic acid (N,N-dicarboxymethyl glutamic acid tetrasodium salt (GLDA); nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA); 4,5-dihydroxy-m-benzenedisulfonic acid; citric acid and any salts thereof; N-hydroxyethylethylenediaminetri-acetic acid (HEDTA), triethylenetetraaminehexaacetic acid (TTHA), N-hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid (HEIDA), dihydroxyethylglycine (DHEG), ethylenediaminetetrapropionic acid (EDTP), and derivatives thereof.

The composition can further comprise silicone or fatty-acid based suds suppressors; an enzyme stabilizer; hueing dyes, calcium and magnesium cations, visual signaling ingredients, anti-foam (0.001 to about 4.0 wt %), and/or structurant/thickener (0.01-5 wt %) selected from the group consisting of diglycerides, triglycerides, ethylene glycol distearate, microcrystalline cellulose, cellulose based materials, microfiber cellulose, biopolymers, xanthan gum, gellan gum, and mixtures thereof.

In some embodiments, the cleaning composition is a high density powder (HDD) composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein. The HDD powder laundry detergent can comprise a detersive surfactant including anionic detersive surfactants (selected from linear or branched or random chain, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl sulphates, alkyl sulphonates, alkyl alkoxylated sulphate, alkyl phosphates, alkyl phosphonates, alkyl carboxylates and/or mixtures thereof), non-ionic detersive surfactant (selected from 1 linear or branched or random chain, substituted or unsubstituted C₈-C₁₈ alkyl ethoxylates, and/or C₆-C₁₂ alkyl phenol alkoxylates), cationic detersive surfactants (selected from alkyl pyridinium compounds, alkyl quaternary ammonium compounds, alkyl quaternary phosphonium compounds, alkyl ternary sulphonium compounds, and mixtures thereof); zwitterionic and/or amphoteric detersive surfactants (selected from alkanolamine sulpho-betaines); ampholytic surfactants; semi-polar non-ionic surfactants and mixtures thereof; builders (phosphate free builders, e,g., zeolite builders examples of which include zeolite A, zeolite X, zeolite P and zeolite MAP in the range of 0 to less than 10 wt %); phosphate builders, e.g., sodium tri-polyphosphate in the range of 0 to less than 10 wt %; citric acid, citrate salts and nitrilotriacetic acid or salt thereof in the range of less than 15 wt %; silicate salt (sodium or potassium silicate or sodium meta-silicate in the range of 0 to less than 10 wt % or layered silicate (SKS-6)); carbonate salt (sodium carbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate in the range of 0 to less than 10 wt %); and bleaching agents (photobleaches, e.g., sulfonated zinc phthalocyanines, sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanines, xanthenes dyes, and mixtures thereof); hydrophobic or hydrophilic bleach activators (e.g., dodecanoyl oxybenzene sulfonate, decanoyl oxybenzene sulfonate, decanoyl oxybenzoic acid or salts thereof, 3,5,5-trimethy hexanoyl oxybenzene sulfonate, tetraacetyl ethylene diamine-TAED, and nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate-NOBS, nitrile quats, and mixtures thereof); hydrogen peroxide; sources of hydrogen peroxide (inorganic perhydrate salts, e.g., mono or tetra hydrate sodium salt of perborate, percarbonate, persulfate, perphosphate, or persilicate); preformed hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic peracids (selected from percarboxylic acids and salts, percarbonic acids and salts, perimidic acids and salts, peroxymonosulfuric acids and salts, and mixtures thereof); and/or bleach catalyst (e.g., imine bleach boosters, such as iminium cations and polyions; iminium zwitterions; modified amines; modified amine oxides; N-sulphonyl imines; N-phosphonyl imines; N-acyl imines; thiadiazole dioxides; perfluoroimines; cyclic sugar ketones and mixtures thereof), metal-containing bleach catalyst (e.g., copper, iron, titanium, ruthenium, tungsten, molybdenum, or manganese cations along with an auxiliary metal cations such as zinc or aluminum and a sequestrate such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) and water-soluble salts thereof).

The composition can further comprise additional detergent ingredients including perfume microcapsules, starch encapsulated perfume accord, an enzyme stabilizer, hueing agents, additional polymers including fabric integrity and cationic polymers, dye lock ingredients, fabric-softening agents, brighteners (for example C.I. Fluorescent brighteners), flocculating agents, chelating agents, alkoxylated polyamines, fabric deposition aids, and/or cyclodextrin.

In some embodiments, the cleaning composition is an ADW detergent composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant described herein. The ADW detergent composition can comprise two or more non-ionic surfactants selected from ethoxylated non-ionic surfactants, alcohol alkoxylated surfactants, epoxy-capped poly(oxyalkylated) alcohols, and amine oxide surfactants present in amounts from 0-10% by wt; builders in the range of 5-60% by wt. comprising either phosphate (mono-phosphates, di-phosphates, tri-polyphosphates or oligomeric-poylphosphates), sodium tripolyphosphate-STPP or phosphate-free builders (amino acid based compounds, e.g., MGDA (methyl-glycine-diacetic acid) and salts and derivatives thereof, GLDA (glutamic-N,Ndiacetic acid) and salts and derivatives thereof, IDS (iminodisuccinic acid) and salts and derivatives thereof, carboxy methyl inulin and salts and derivatives thereof and mixtures thereof, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), diethylene triamine penta acetic acid (DTPA), and B-alaninediacetic acid (B-ADA) and their salts), homopolymers and copolymers of polycarboxylic acids and their partially or completely neutralized salts, monomeric polycarboxylic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids and their salts in the range of 0.5-50% by wt; sulfonated/carboxylated polymers (provide dimensional stability to the product) in the range of about 0.1 to about 50% by wt; drying aids in the range of about 0.1 to about 10% by wt (selected from polyesters, especially anionic polyesters optionally together with further monomers with 3-6 functionalities which are conducive to polycondensation, specifically acid, alcohol or ester functionalities, polycarbonate-, polyurethane- and/or polyurea-polyorganosiloxane compounds or precursor compounds thereof of the reactive cyclic carbonate and urea type); silicates in the range from about 1 to about 20% by wt (sodium or potassium silicates, e.g., sodium disilicate, sodium meta-silicate and crystalline phyllosilicates); bleach-inorganic (e.g., perhydrate salts such as perborate, percarbonate, perphosphate, persulfate and persilicate salts) and organic (e.g., organic peroxyacids including diacyl and tetraacylperoxides, especially diperoxydodecanedioc acid, diperoxytetradecanedioc acid, and diperoxyhexadecanedioc acid); bleach activator-organic peracid precursors in the range from about 0.1 to about 10% by wt; bleach catalysts (selected from manganese triazacyclononane and related complexes, Co, Cu, Mn and Fe bispyridylamine and related complexes, and pentamine acetate cobalt(III) and related complexes); metal care agents in the range from about 0.1-5% by wt (selected from benzatriazoles, metal salts and complexes, and silicates); enzymes in the range from about 0.01-5.0 mg of active enzyme per gram of ADW detergent composition (acyl transferases, alpha-amylases, beta-amylases, alpha-galactosidases, arabinosidases, aryl esterases, beta-galactosidases, carrageenases, catalases, cellobiohydrolases, cellulases, chondroitinases, cutinases, endo-beta-1, 4-glucanases, endo-beta-mannanases, esterases, exo-mannanases, galactanases, glucoamylases, hemicellulases, hyaluronidases, keratinases, laccases, lactases, ligninases, lipases, lipoxygenases, mannanases, oxidases, oxidoreductases, pectate lyases, pectin acetyl esterases, pectinases, pentosanases, peroxidases, phenoloxidases, phosphatases, phospholipases, phytases, polyestersases, polygalacturonases, proteases, pullulanases, reductases, rhamnogalacturonases, beta-glucanases, tannases, transglutaminases, xylan acetyl-esterases, xylanases, xyloglucanases, xylosidases, and mixtures thereof); and enzyme stabilizer components (selected from oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and inorganic divalent metal salts).

More embodiments are directed to compositions and methods of treating fabrics (e.g., to desize a textile) using one or more subtilisin variant described herein. Fabric-treating methods are well known in the art (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,077,316). For example, the feel and appearance of a fabric can be improved by a method comprising contacting the fabric with a variant described herein in a solution. The fabric can be treated with the solution under pressure.

One or more subtilisin variant described herein can be applied during or after weaving a textile, during the desizing stage, or one or more additional fabric processing steps. During the weaving of textiles, the threads are exposed to considerable mechanical strain. Prior to weaving on mechanical looms, warp yarns are often coated with sizing starch or starch derivatives to increase their tensile strength and to prevent breaking. One or more subtilisin variant described herein can be applied during or after weaving to remove the sizing starch or starch derivatives. After weaving, the variant can be used to remove the size coating before further processing the fabric to ensure a homogeneous and wash-proof result. One or more subtilisin variant described herein can be used alone or with other desizing chemical reagents and/or desizing enzymes to desize fabrics, including cotton-containing fabrics, as detergent additives, e.g., in aqueous compositions. An amylase also can be used in compositions and methods for producing a stonewashed look on indigo-dyed denim fabric and garments. For the manufacture of clothes, the fabric can be cut and sewn into clothes or garments, which are afterwards finished. In particular, for the manufacture of denim jeans, different enzymatic finishing methods have been developed. The finishing of denim garment normally is initiated with an enzymatic desizing step, during which garments are subjected to the action of proteolytic enzymes to provide softness to the fabric and make the cotton more accessible to the subsequent enzymatic finishing steps. One or more subtilisin variant described herein can be used in methods of finishing denim garments (e.g., a “bio-stoning process”), enzymatic desizing and providing softness to fabrics, and/or finishing process.

One or more subtilisin variant described herein finds further use in the enzyme aided bleaching of paper pulps such as chemical pulps, semi-chemical pulps, kraft pulps, mechanical pulps or pulps prepared by the sulfite method. In general terms, paper pulps are incubated with one or more subtilisin variant described herein under conditions suitable for bleaching the paper pulp.

In some embodiments, the pulps are chlorine free pulps bleached with oxygen, ozone, peroxide or peroxyacids. In some embodiments, one or more subtilisin variant described herein is used in enzyme aided bleaching of pulps produced by modified or continuous pulping methods that exhibit low lignin contents. In some other embodiments, one or more subtilisin variant described herein is applied alone or preferably in combination with xylanase and/or endoglucanase and/or alpha-galactosidase and/or cellobiohydrolase enzymes.

The following examples are provided to demonstrate and illustrate certain preferred embodiments and aspects of the present disclosure and should not be construed as limiting.

Example 1 Generation of Enzyme Variants Expression of BPN′ and GG36 Protease Variants

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BPN′) wildtype subtilisin and variants thereof, and Bacillus lentus (GG36) wildtype subtilisin and variants thereof were produced as described below. The amino acid sequence of the mature BPN′ parent enzyme is set forth as SEQ ID NO:1 and the amino acid sequence of the mature GG36 parent enzyme (B. lentus subtilisin) is set forth as SEQ ID NO:2. A synthetic gene (SEQ ID NO:3) encoding the BPN′ parent protease was synthesized and used to generate the parent and variant sequences utilizing conventional molecular biology techniques (see, e.g., Sambrook et al, “Molecular Cloning”, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press). Genes encoding additional BPN′ variants were also synthesized de novo by conventional methods. The various BPN′ genes were subsequently cloned either into the pSB expression vector (Babe L M, Yoast S, Dreyer M, and Schmidt B F, “Heterologous expression of human granzyme K in Bacillus subtilis and characterization of its hydrolytic activity in vitro”, Biotechnol Appl Biochem., 27, Pt 2, 11724, 1998) or the pHYT expression vector (derived from pHY300PLK (Takara-Clontech)). The expression cassette contained the aprE promoter (SEQ ID NO:4), the aprE signal peptide (SEQ ID NO:5), the BPN′ propeptide (SEQ ID NO:6), and the BPN′ terminator sequences (SEQ ID NO:7). A synthetic gene (SEQ ID NO:8) encoding the GG36 parent protease was synthesized and used to generate parent and variant sequences as described above, except for using the GG36 propeptide (SEQ ID NO:9).

DNA fragments encoding the various mature protease sequences of interest (parents and variants) were assembled using techniques known in the art. Competent B. subtilis cells of a suitable strain were used for expression, and the transformation mixture was plated onto LA plates containing 1.6% skim milk and 10 ppm neomycin or tetracycline and incubated overnight at 37° C. Single colonies were picked and grown in Luria broth with 10 ppm neomycin at 37° C.

For protein expression experiments, the transformed cells were grown in 96-well microtiter plates (MTPs) in cultivation medium (enriched semi-defined media based on MOPs buffer, with urea as major nitrogen source, glucose as the main carbon source, supplemented with 1% soytone for robust cell growth, containing antibiotic selection) for 3 days at 32° C., 300 rpm, with 80% humidity in shaking incubator. After centrifugation and filtration, clarified culture supernatants containing the proteases of interest were used for assays.

A library of 320 BPN′ subtilisin variants was generated by the methods described above. The library contained variants with a minimum of 6 amino acid substitutions on the wildtype sequence (SEQ ID NO:1) and a maximum of 23 substitutions. A library of 640 GG36 subtilisin variants was generated by the methods described above. The library contained variants with a minimum of 1 amino acid substitution on the wildtype sequence (SEQ ID NO:2) and a maximum of 20 substitutions. Results from these studies are summarized in Example 3 below.

Design and Expression of Bgi02446 and AprL Protease Variants

Bacillus gibsonii Bgi02446 wildtype subtilisin (described in WO2015/089447) and variants thereof were produced as described below. B. gibsonii-clade Bgi02446 parent subtilisin (mature protein, SEQ ID NO:10) and variants thereof were expressed using a DNA fragment comprising: a 5′AprE flanking region that contains the B. subtilis P1 rrnl promoter sequence (SEQ ID NO:11) (the B. subtilis P1 rrnl promoter is more fully described in US-2014-0329309), the nucleotide sequence encoding the aprE signal peptide sequence (SEQ ID NO:5), the nucleotide sequence encoding the B. lentus propeptide (SEQ ID NO:9), the sequence corresponding to the gene encoding the mature B. gibsonii-clade Bgi02446 subtilisin (SEQ ID NO:12), the BPN′ terminator (SEQ ID NO:7), the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene expression cassette from S. aureus (SEQ ID NO:13), and the 3′AprE flanking sequence (SEQ ID NO:14), in consecutive order. This DNA fragment was assembled using standard molecular techniques. Variants of Bgi02446 subtilisin were similarly constructed. Bacillus licheniformis subtilisin AprL (SEQ ID NO:15) and variants thereof were constructed as described above, but with AprL pro peptide (SEQ ID NO: 16) and the sequence corresponding to the gene encoding the mature AprL (SEQ ID NO:17). Linear DNA of expression cassettes were used to transform competent B. subtilis cells of a suitable strain.

The transformation mixtures were plated onto LA plates containing 1.6% skim milk and 5 ppm chloramphenicol and incubated overnight at 37° C. Single colonies were picked and grown in Luria broth with 5 ppm chloramphenicol at 37° C.

For protein expression experiments, transformed cells were grown in 96-well MTPs in cultivation medium (enriched semi-defined media based on MOPs buffer, with urea as major nitrogen source, glucose as the main carbon source, supplemented with 1% soytone for robust cell growth, containing antibiotic selection) for 3 days at 32° C., 300 rpm, with 80% humidity in shaking incubator. After centrifugation and filtration, clarified culture supernatants containing the proteases of interest were used for assays.

A library of 640 Bgi02446 subtilisin variants was generated by the methods described above. The library contained variants with a minimum of 1 amino acid substitution on the wildtype sequence (SEQ ID NO: 10) and a maximum of 25 substitutions. Results from these studies are summarized in Example 3 below.

A library of 176 AprL subtilisin variants was generated by the methods described above. The library contained variants with a minimum of 6 amino acid substitutions on the wildtype sequence (SEQ ID NO: 15) and a maximum of 17 substitutions. Results from these studies are summarized in Example 3 below.

Example 2 Enzyme Assays

Protein Determination Assay:

For high resolution concentration determinations, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was performed on protein samples. An Agilent 1100 HPLC equipped with an Agilent 300SB-C8 column was used for protein quantitation. Samples were eluted from the column using a gradient of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in water and 0.1% TFA in acetonitrile. Absorbance was measured at 220 nm, and peaks were integrated using ChemStation software (Agilent Technologies, USA). The protein concentrations of the samples were calculated based on a standard curve of the parent protease. Alternatively, the concentration of the sample proteases in culture supernatant was determined by UHPLC using a Zorbax 300 SB-C3 column and a linear gradient of 0.1% Trifluoroacetic acid (Buffer A) and 0.07% Trifluoroacetic acid in Acetonitrile (Buffer B), with absorbance detection at 220 nm. Culture supernatants were diluted in 10 mM NaCl, 0.1 mM CaCl₂), 0.005% TWEEN®-80 for loading onto column. The protein concentration of the samples was calculated based on a standard curve of the purified parent enzyme.

Protease Activity: The protease activity of parent and variants thereof was tested by measuring the hydrolysis of N-suc-AAPF-pNA substrate. For the AAPF assay, the reagent solutions used were: 100 mM Tris pH 8.6, 10 mM CalCl2, 0.005% Tween®-80 (Tris/Ca buffer) and 160 mM suc-AAPF-pNA in DMSO (suc-AAPF-pNA stock solution) (Sigma: S-7388). To prepare a working solution, 1 mL suc-AAPF-pNA stock solution was added to 100 mL Tris/Ca buffer and mixed. An enzyme sample was added to a microtiter plate (MTP) containing 1 mg/mL suc-AAPF-pNA working solution and assayed for activity by measuring absorbance at 405 nm over 3-5 min using a SpectraMax plate reader in kinetic mode at room temperature (RT). The protease activity was expressed as mOD/min.

Cleaning Performance Assays:

Detergents used in these studies are listed in Table 1, and include heavy duty liquid laundry (HDL), and automatic dishwashing (ADW) formula. Persil Small & Mighty Non-Bio Liquid Detergent “Persil Non-Bio” (PNB, Unilever) was purchased in 2014, and Blue Moon (Guangzhou Blue Moon) was purchased in 2012, both from local supermarkets. Chinese National Standard (CNS) detergent was purchased from National Standard Center in China in 2017 and its composition is shown on Table 2. GSM-B Phosphate-free ADW detergent was purchased without enzymes from WFK Testgewebe GmbH, Bruggen, Deutschland (www.testgewebe.de) and Table 3 shows its composition.

TABLE 1 List of Detergents And Conditions Used For Cleaning Performance Assays Final Wash Hardness Assay Conc, Conc. Condition Detergent Type (g/L) (ppm) Buffer pH 1 Blue Moon HDL HDL 1.33 100-250 5 mM HEPES 6.5-8.2 2 Persil Non-Bio HDL 2.7 200-250 5 mM HEPES 8.2 (PNB) 3 CNS HDL 1.33 100-250 5 mM HEPES 8.2 4 GSM-B ADW 3 374 not buffered 10.5 5 Kirkland HDL 0.17 100-150 5 mM sodium 8.2 Ultraclean HEPES

TABLE 2 Composition of CNS HDL Detergent pH 8 Formula Component wt % LAS (C10-C13) alkylbenzene sulfonic acid 8% AES, AEOS, sodium lauryl ether sulfate 4% AEO9 Alcohol ethoxylate 4% TEA (Triethanolamine) 0.5%  Sodium citrate 0.5%  Sodium hydroxide 1% Calcium chloride, 2H₂O 0.01%   Deionized Water add to 100%     

TABLE 3 Composition of GSM-B Phosphate- Free Detergent (GSM-B, pH 10.5) Component wt % Sodium citrate dehydrate 30 Maleic acid/ acrylic acid copolymer 12 sodium Salt (SOKALAN ® CP5; BASF) Sodium perborate monohydrate 5 TAED 2 Sodium disilicate: Protil A (Cognis) 25 Linear fatty alcohol ethoxylate 2 Sodium carbonate anhydrous add to 100

Commercial detergents containing enzymes (Kirkland Ultraclean and Blue Moon) were heat treated at 95° C. for 16 hours in a water bath to inactivate enzymes and dosed as described in Table 1. Protease activity was assayed following inactivation using the AAPF substrate to ensure complete protease enzyme inactivation, and was not detectable after the heat treatment of HDL detergents. The HDL detergents Persil Non-Bio Small & Mighty (Persil Non-Bio, Persil, PNB), and CNS are considered boron-free since they contained ≤5 mg/Kg of boron, when tested for elemental boron content. GSM-B powder formula was dissolved to 3 g/L for use and pH was not adjusted.

Variants were tested for cleaning performance relative to parent on various technical soils: BMI (EMPA-116, blood/milk/ink on cotton) for laundry-based applications, and on egg yolk (PAS-38, egg yolk on polyacryl fabric, aged and colored with carbon black dye) for dish-based applications. The EMPA-116, swatches were pre-rinsed with deionized water for 20 minutes and dried overnight at room temperature. For all stains, pre-punched swatches in MTP plates (Costar 9017 or Greiner 655101) were prepared by Center for Testmaterials BV, Vlaardingen, Netherlands. These microswatch-containing plates were filled with detergent prior to enzyme addition. Aliquots of enzyme were added to detergent-filled MTPs containing microswatches to reach a final volume of 180 microliters for laundry assays with a final enzyme concentration between 0.25-5 ppm. Laundry cleaning assays with HDL formulas were carried out at 25° C. for 20 min, while ADW assays were carried out at 40° C. for 30 min. Following incubation, 100-150 microliters of supernatant was transferred to a fresh MTP and absorbance was read at 600 nm for EMPA-116 swatches or at 405 nm for PAS-38 swatches using a SpectraMax plate reader. Absorbance results were obtained by subtracting the value for a blank control (no enzyme) from each sample value. For each condition and subtilisin variant in Example 3, a cleaning performance index (PI) was calculated by dividing the blank subtracted absorbance of the variant by that of the respective parent protease at the same concentration. The blank subtracted absorbance value for the parent protease at the corresponding concentration of the variant was determined using a standard curve of the parent protease, which was included in the test and was generated using a Langmuir fit or Hill Sigmoidal fit, as appropriate.

General Sample set up for Stability Assays:

Subtilisin enzymes were tested for stability under various stress conditions (as indicated in Table 4) to determine the residual activity following incubation at elevated temperature. The elevated temperature was set to enable discrimination of residual activity of the stressed sample compared to the unstressed sample during an incubation period of 20 minutes in a range appropriate to discern differences of variant enzymes versus their parent. A diluted enzyme sample was mixed in appropriate detergent and the protease activity on AAPF substrate was measured immediately, to serve as the unstressed value. The samples were subsequently placed in a PCR plate, sealed and incubated at elevated temperature for 20 min using a thermocycler, then assayed for AAPF activity to obtain the stressed value. Percent residual activities were calculated by taking a ratio of the stressed to unstressed activity and multiplying by 100. Alternatively, half-lives for inactivation (T½) in 100% CNS detergent were determined by fitting the normalized residual activities at 0, 1, and 20h incubation to a function for exponential decay (A_(t)=A₀·0.5^(t/T½)), where ‘t’ is hours of incubation.

TABLE 4 Reagents And Conditions Used For Protease Stability Assays used to generate results reported on Example 3 Stress Assay temperature Incubation Condition Detergent range (° C.) time 1 10% Persil Non-Bio,   41° C. to 71.5° C. 20 min Small & Mighty 2 10% CNS 41° C. to 65° C. 20 min 3 10% Blue Moon 41° C. to 69° C. 20 min 4 100% CNS 40° C. 1 h and 20 h

All enzyme samples were assayed in triplicates for all assays. Data sets were analyzed for each cleaning performance or stability assay for each of the subtilisin backbones separately. A lower limit cutoff for protein expression of 150 ppm was applied and data with 20% or lower CV (coefficient of variation) was analyzed.

Example 3 Variant Subtilisins with Increased Stability in Presence of Detergent

The increase in stability in the presence of various detergents was measured using conditions described on Table 4 for a series of variant enzymes and compared to reference molecules. Table 5 shows the results for a series of BPN′ variants that show cleaning performance on par with parent enzyme (BPN′ wildtype) and a significant improvement in stability. ND means the value was not determined or values were outside the confidence interval for the assays.

TABLE 5 BPN' Variants With Improved Stability Stability in 10% HDL Cleaning benefit (reported as % residual on BMI stain activity) (reported as PI Substitutions on BPN′ Persil CNS vs BPN′) Sample backbone 56° C. 58° C. 64° C. 54° C. Kirkland Persil BPN'-WT ND ND <2.0 <1.0 1.0 1.0 BPN′-Y217L Y217L 9.0 1.0 <2.0 <1.0 1.1 1.1 SQBPV095 A045I-S078N-Y217L- 44 24 ND ND 1.3 ND N218S SQBPV096 S003Q-A045I-S078N- 47 24 ND ND 1.0 ND Y217L-N218S SQBPV097 T022Y-A045I-S078N- 64 46 ND ND 1.0 ND Y217L-N218S SQBPV098 S003Q-T022Y-A045I- 62 49 ND ND 1.0 ND S078N-Y217L-N218S SQBPV100 S003Q-T022Y-A045I- 67 51 ND ND 1.0 ND A048I-S078N-Y217L- N218S SQBPV101 S003Q-T022Y-A045I- 65 52 ND ND 1.0 ND S078N-Y217L-N218S- L235I SQBPV642 S003V-A069S-N076D- ND ND 74 51 ND 0.8 S078N-M124I-G128S- Y217L-N218S-D259P SQBPV646 S003Q-A069S-N076D- ND ND 88 92 ND 0.9 S078N-M124I-G128S- G166Q-Y217L-N218S- D259P SQBPV652 S003V-A069S-N076D- ND ND 95 87 ND 0.8 S078N-M124I-G128S- G166Q-N218S-D259P SQBPV654 S003V-A069S-N076D- ND ND 83 84 ND 0.8 S078N-G166Q-Y217L- N218S-D259P SQBPV655 S003Q-T022Y-A045I- ND ND 80 58 ND 0.6 A069S-N076D-S078N- G128S-Y217L-N218S SQBPV661 A069S-N076D-S078N- ND ND 80 92 ND 0.8 M124I-G128S-G166Q- Y217L-N218S-D259P SQBPV662 S003V-A069S-N076D- ND ND 80 ND ND 1.0 S078N-M124I-G128S- G166Q-Y217L-D259P SQBPV664 S003Q-T022Y-A045I- ND ND 53 41 ND 0.9 A069S-S078N-Y217L- N218S SQBPV665 S003V-T022Y-A045I- ND ND 78 55 ND 1.1 A069S-N076D-S078N- G128S-Y217L-N218S SQBPV666 S003Q-T022Y-A045V- ND ND 80 61 ND 0.8 A069S-N076D-S078N- G128S-Y217L-N218S SQBPV671 S003V-N076D-S078N- ND ND 91 97 ND 1.0 M124I-G128S-G166Q- Y217L-N218S-D259P SQBPV674 S003Q-T022Y-A045I- ND ND 68 70 ND 1.1 S078N-M124I-Y217L- N218S SQBPV676 S003Q-T022Y-A045I- ND ND 80 76 ND 1.2 A069S-N076D-S078N- G128S-S145R-Y217L- N218S SQBPV681 S003V-A069S-S078N- ND ND 60 95 ND 0.9 M124I-G128S-G166Q- Y217L-N218S-D259P SQBPV684 S003Q-T022Y-A045I- ND ND 63 59 ND 1.2 S078N-G128S-Y217L- N218S SQBPV685 S003Q-A045I-A069S- ND ND 66 42 ND 0.8 N076D-S078N-G128S- Y217L-N218S SQBPV691 S003V-A069S-N076D- ND ND 86 99 ND 1.0 M124I-G128S-G166Q- Y217L-N218S-D259P SQBPV694 S003Q-T022Y-A045I- ND ND 85 98 ND ND S078N-G166Q-Y217L- N218S SQBPV695 S003Q-T022Y-A069S- ND ND 80 68 ND 0.5 N076D-S078N-G128S- Y217L-N218S SQBPV701 S003V-A069S-N076D- ND ND 89 87 ND 1.0 S078N-G128S-G166Q- Y217L-N218S-D259P SQBPV705 S003Q-T022Y-A045I- ND ND 84 66 ND 1.1 N076D-S078N-G128S- Y217L-N218S SQBPV710 S003Q-T022Y-A045I- ND ND 57 60 ND 1.0 A069S-S078N-G128S- Y217L-N218S SQBPV711 S003V-A069S-N076D- ND ND 80 81 ND 0.8 S078N-M124I-G166Q- Y217L-N218S-D259P SQBPV729 S003Q-T022Y-A045V- ND ND 46 46 ND 1.0 S078N-Y217Q-N218S SQBPV739 S003Q-T022Y-S024Q- ND ND 66 45 ND 1.1 A045V-S078N-Y217Q- N218S SQBPV752 S003Q-T022Y-P040E- ND ND 82 73 ND ND A045I-A069S-S078N- G128S-Y217L-N218S SQBPV802 S003Q-A045V-S053G- ND ND 68 55 ND 1.3 N076D-S078N-S101N- N118R-G128S-S162K- Y217Q-N218S SQBPV8S9 S003Q-S024L-S053G- ND ND 72 55 ND 0.9 N076D-S078N-S087D- S101N-N118R-G128S- Y217Q-N218S

Table 6 shows the results for a series of GG36 variants that show cleaning performance on par with parent enzyme (GG36 wildtype) and a significant improvement in stability. ND means the value was not determined or values were outside the confidence interval for the assays.

TABLE 6 GG36 Variants With Improved Stability Stability in 10% Cleaning benefit (reported as Performance Half-life in CNS at 57° C. index, using GG36 as reference) Substitutions on GG36 backbone 100% CNS at (reported as % BMI stain Unrinsed PAS-38 Sample (GG36 numbering) 40° C. (h) residual activity) in CNS stain in GSM-B GG36-WT 5.8   <1.0 1.0 1.0 GG36-14076 S003V-P039E-N074D-G116R-Q200L-P204I-G205P- 42   6.0 0.5 0.9 A209K-N255I GG36-14534 S003V-S076N-L122I-S160Q-N179Q-N212S-S253P 240 ND 0.4 1.1 GG36-14536 S003V-S076N-N179Q-S253P 16 32 0.9 1.0 GG36-14541 S003T-S024A-N074D-N114T 13 ND 1.0 1.0 GG36-14554 S003V-A067S-S076N-S160Q-N179Q-N212S-S253P 17 30 0.6 0.9 GG36-14564 S003V-A067S-S076N-L122I-N179Q-N212S-S253P 25 ND 0.7 1.0 GG36-14612 S003V-S076N-S160Q-N179Q-P204I-N212S-S253P 28 ND 0.8 1.0 GG36-14695 S003V-S009E-S076N-S160Q-N179Q-N212S-S253P 28 85 0.9 1.0

Table 7 shows the results for a series of Bgi02446 variants that show cleaning performance on par with parent enzyme (Bgi02446 wildtype) and a significant improvement in stability. ND means the value was not determined or values were outside the confidence interval for the assays.

TABLE 7 Bgi02446 Variants With Improved Stability Stability in 10% Cleaning benefit (reported as Performance Half-life in CNS at 41° C. index, using Bgi02446 as reference) Substitutions on Bgi02446 backbone 100% CNS (reported as % BMI stain Unrinsed PAS38 Sample (Bgi02446 numbering) 40° C. (h) residual activity) in CNS stain in GSM-B Bgi02446-WT 0.3 21 1.0 1.0 BSP-04495 S039E-N074D-S076N-S099R-G160Q-R179Q-N212S- ND 61 0.4 1.5 N253P BSP-04505 S039E-S076N-S099R-G160Q-R179Q-N212S-N253P 0.7 64 0.7 1.4 BSP-04523 S039E-S099R-R179Q 13 86 1.1 1.6 BSP-04529 T009E-S039E-N074D-S076N-T188E-Q200E-N212S- 62 89 0.9 1.0 N242D BSP-04533 S039E-S099R-N253P 7.0 46 0.6 1.5 BSP-04534 S039E-S099R-M211L ND 31 0.7 1.3 BSP-04542 S039E-S099R-N212S 8.5 29 0.5 1.2 BSP-04552 S039E-S076N-S099R 2.4 43 ND ND BSP-04553 T003V-S039E-S099R 1.9 41 0.6 1.3 BSP-04562 S039E-N074D-S099R 7.9 52 0.7 1.4 BSP-04563 T003Q-S039E-S099R ND 39 0.6 1.5 BSP-04572 S039E-A067S-S099R 2.3 52 0.6 1.7 BSP-04575 N074D-S076N-G160Q-R179Q-N212S-N242D-N253P 99 67 0.8 1.2 BSP-04808 S039E-S076N-S099R-N212S 2.2 28 0.7 1.4 BSP-04901 S076N-S099R-N212S 1.2 ND 0.4 1.2 BSP-04921 S039E-N074D-S076N-S099R-R179Q-N212S-N253P 28 91 1.3 1.5 BSP-04942 T003V-S039E-N074D-S076N-S099R-N212S-N253P 7.5 58 0.6 1.3 BSP-04951 S039E-N074D-S076N-S099R-G160Q-R179Q-N212S 0.7 57 0.8 1.5 BSP-04952 T003V-S039E-A067S-N074D-S076N-S099R-N212S- 8.1 62 1.0 1.4 N253P BSP-04956 Q001A-T003V-S033T-S039E-N074D-N085D-N116R- ND 38 1.0 0.5 S126Q-D127P-F128S-R179N-P204I-M211K BSP-04962 S039E-A067S-N074D-S076N-S099R-N212S-N253P 2.1 64 0.7 1.3

Table 8 shows the results for a series of AprL variants that show cleaning performance on par with parent enzyme (AprL wildtype) and a significant improvement in stability. ND means the value was not determined or values were outside the confidence interval for the assays.

TABLE 8 AprL Variants With Improved Stability Stability in HDL (reported as percent remaining activity) Cleaning benefit on BMI Substitutions on 10% Persil 10% Blue stain (PI versus AprL WT) Sample AprL backbone 71.5° C. Moon 69° C. Persil Blue Moon AprL WT <1.0 <1.0 1.0 1.0 BLCARL-07864 T003V-A068S-T077N-T078I- 60 86 0.9 1.0 G127S-A128P-G165Q-N184Q- A202V-L216Q-N217S-S258D BLCARL-07865 A068S-T077N-T078I-G127S- 39 66 1.2 1.4 A128P-G165Q-N184Q-A202V- L216Q-N217S-S258P BLCARL-07887 P009E-A068S-T077N-T078I- 100 100 1.0 1.0 G127S-A128P-G165Q-N184Q- A202V-N217S-S258P BLCARL-07890 A024Q-A068S-T077N-T078I- 87 90 0.9 0.9 G127S-A128P-G165Q-N184Q- A202V-N217S-S258P BLCARL-07893 A068S-T077N-T078I-S086D- 85 96 0.9 1.0 G127S-A128P-G165Q-N184Q- A202V-N217S-S258P BLCARL-07904 A068S-T077N-T078I-G127S- 41 86 1.2 1.6 A128P-G165Q-N184Q-A202V- T210P-L216Q-N217S-S258P BLCARL-08021 A068S-T077N-T078I-G127S- 60 81 0.9 0.9 A128P-G165Q-N184Q-A202V- T210P-N217S-S258P BLCARL-08026 P009E-A068S-T077N-T078I- 68 88 1.1 1.3 G127S-A128P-G165Q-N184Q- A202V-L216Q-N217S-S258P BLCARL-08029 A024Q-A068S-T077N-T078I- 65 71 1.2 1.5 G127S-A128P-G165Q-N184Q- A202V-L216Q-N217S-S258P BLCARL-08032 A068S-T077N-T078I-S086D- 84 85 1.1 1.2 G127S-A128P-G165Q-N184Q- A202V-L216Q-N217S-S258P

Example 4 Identification of Globally Beneficial Stability Mutations in Subtilisins

To analyze the influence on enzyme stability of amino acid changes at various positions in multiple subtilisin backbones a partial least squares (PLS) modelling (Analytica Chimica. Acta, 1986, 185, 1-17) program was utilized. PLS works with 2 matrices, X and Y, where the former accommodates the amino acid residue at each position of the sequence and the latter the stability performance variables. To find the relationship between X and Y, the SHWA program (Version 14.1, MKS Umetrics, Sartorius Stedim Biotech) was used, which was configured using the centered and scaling function for the data set and resulted in a model with high R² and Q² value at levels of 0.5 or above for prediction and a score for each descriptor. R² indicates how well the variation of a variable is explained, while Q² indicates how well a variable can be predicted. Depending on the subtilisin backbones BPN′ (SEQ ID NO:1), GG36 (SEQ 1D NO:2), AprL (B. licheniformis Carlsberg, SEQ II) NO:15), and Bgi02446 (SEQ II) NO:10), the R² and Q² values for each model ranged from 0.7-0.97 and 0.49-0.74 using SIMCA's auto-fit with up to 9 cross-validation groups. See Eriksson et al., 1996, Chemometrics and intelligent Laboratory System, 34, for definition of R² and Q². The fit was further confirmed visually in a graph by comparing predicted and actual values of responses.

The SIMCA analysis was performed on members of each subtilisin library generated as described in Example 1. For the BPN′ variant library, the evaluation included variants covering 44 sites and 57 amino acid substitutions, with a frequency of 5 to 268 instances per substitution. For the AprL variant library, the evaluation included variants covering 51 sites and 96 amino acid substitutions, with a frequency of 5 to 158 instances per substitution. For the GG36 variant library, the evaluation included variants covering 55 sites and 86 amino acid substitutions, with a frequency of 5 to 427 instances per substitution. For the Bgi02446 variant library, the evaluation included variants covering 56 sites and 83 amino acid substitutions, with a frequency of 5 to 454 instances per substitution.

For each Y-variable, the SIMCA program computes regression coefficients. These express the relation between the Y-variable and all the terms in the model. By default, regression coefficients are related to scaled and centered X-variables. The size of the coefficient represents the change in the Y-variable when the X-variable varies from 0 to 1, in coded units, (one standard deviation when the data are scaled to unit variance UV), while the other variables are kept at their averages. Thus, coefficients above zero are influencing each model term Y positively. The paper by Burnham and coauthors (Burnham, A. J., MacGregor, J. F., and Viveros, R. (2001). Interpretation of Regression Coefficients Under a Latent Variable Regression Model, Journal of Chemometrics, 15:265-284) provides further insight into the interpretation of regression coefficients under a latent variable regression model.

Table 9 provides the regression coefficient scores obtained for the contribution of each amino acid substitution when present in a subtilisin variant of the indicated backbone (BPN′, GG36, Bgi02446 or AprL) analyzing the results of stability assays performed as described in Example 2. The AprL variants data analyzed in this study was collected previously and described in patent application PCT/US2017/035217. The amino acid positions across backbones were determined based on multiple sequence alignment as shown in FIG. 5 where the BPN′ sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) serves as a basis for the corresponding sequence position. A regression coefficient score of 0.0 denotes no detrimental contribution and a positive coefficient (greater than 0.0) denotes a benefit. Each amino acid substitution shown on Table 9 provides a stability benefit in at least two of the subtilisin backbones evaluated in this study. ND means the value was not determined or values were outside the confidence interval for the assays.

TABLE 9 SIMCA Analysis Regression Coefficient Scores BPN BPN- BPN- AprL AprL- BG46 BG46- GG36 GG36- GG36- numbering CNS PNB numbering PNB numbering CNS numbering CNS PNB S003Q 0.05 0.07 T003Q ND T003Q 0.03 S003Q <0.0 0.01 S003T ND ND T003T <0.0 T003T 0.01 S003T 0.03 0.02 S003V 0.06 0.05 T003V 0.04 T003V <0.0 S003V 0.08 0.04 S009E 0.03 0.02 P009E 0.00 T009E 0.11 S009E 0.03 0.01 S024Q 0.00 0.02 A024Q <0.0 S024Q 0.03 S024Q <0.0 0.00 P040E 0.03 0.03 P040E ND S039E 0.06 P039E 0.03 0.03 A069S 0.05 0.03 A068S 0.00 A067S <0.0 A067S 0.02 0.02 N076D 0.04 0.06 D075D ND N074D 0.08 N074D 0.10 0.07 S078N 0.05 0.10 T077N 0.02 S076N <0.0 S076N 0.06 0.05 S087D 0.01 0.02 S086D ND N085D 0.02 S085D 0.02 0.02 N118R 0.04 0.03 G117R 0.01 N116R <0.0 G116R 0.05 0.03 M124I 0.06 0.02 M123I 0.00 M122I 0.01 L122I <0.0 <0.0 G128Q ND ND G127Q 0.02 S126Q 0.06 S126Q <0.0 0.01 G128R ND ND G127R <0.0 S126R 0.01 S126R 0.03 0.02 G128S 0.04 0.03 G127S 0.00 S126S 0.05 S126S <0.0 <0.0 P129P ND ND A128P 0.01 D127P 0.04 P127P <0.0 0.00 S130S ND ND S129S 0.00 F128S 0.04 S128S <0.0 0.01 S145R 0.02 0.03 R144R ND R143R ND R143R ND ND G166Q 0.08 0.04 G165Q 0.02 G160Q 0.09 S160Q 0.07 0.05 S182E ND ND S181E ND Q176E 0.04 Q176E 0.03 0.01 Q185Q <0.0 0.00 N184Q 0.02 R179Q 0.14 N179Q 0.01 0.02 P210I ND ND P209I ND P204I 0.01 P204I 0.05 0.04 G211P ND ND T210P 0.01 G205P <0.0 G205P 0.01 0.02 Y217L 0.02 0.02 L216L ND M211L <0.0 L211L 0.02 <0.0 Y217Q 0.01 0.03 L216Q ND M211Q 0.04 L211Q <0.0 0.01 N218S 0.10 0.10 N217S 0.04 N212S 0.04 N212S 0.04 0.04 S248D ND ND N247D ND N242D 0.10 N242D 0.07 <0.0 D259P 0.05 0.02 S258P 0.04 N253P 0.07 S253P 0.03 0.04

Example 5 Structural Features of Subtilisin Sites Providing Enhanced Stability

The three-dimensional structures of four subtilisins: B. amyloliquefaciens (BPN′) PDB (Protein Data Bank) entry 2ST1, B. licheniformis (AprL) PDB entry 1CSE, B. lentus (GG36) PDB entry 1JEA, and B. gibsonii-clade BSP-00801 structure described in WO2016205755 were used to examine sites where globally beneficial substitutions were identified. The superposition of the main chain fold of the four subtilisins (not shown) indicates that the structures overlap along the bulk of the sequences, having a common catalytic triad, corresponding to residues Asp 32, His 64, Ser 221 (numbered with respect to subtilisin BPN′ sequence) and minor differences, mostly in loops and surface exposed regions.

FIGS. 1-4 illustrate the spatial positions of a subset of the beneficial sites listed in Table 9 on each of the four subtilisin structures, showing residues numbered according to BPN′ sequence. FIG. 1 shows B. amyloliquefaciens, PDB entry 2ST1; FIG. 2 shows B. licheniformis, PDB entry 1CSE; FIG. 3 shows B. lentus, PDB entry 1JEA; and FIG. 4 shows B. gibsonii-clade subtilisin BSP-00801 structure described in WO2016205755. In each figure, the main chain fold of each subtilisin is schematically represented in light gray and the following nineteen sites are depicted as black sticks: 3, 24, 40, 76, 78, 87, 118, 128, 129, 130, 145, 166, 182, 185, 210, 211, 217, 218, 259 (BPN′ numbering). These sites are all surface exposed and are situated in loops, outside of secondary structure motifs. In addition, we observe that sites 9 and 248 (BPN′ numbering) occur in helices and are surface exposed (not shown on Figures). It can be noted that the beneficial substitutions at positions 9 and 248 (listed in Table 9) introduce a negative charge (9E, 248D).

Furthermore, a subset of the sites highlighted in FIGS. 1-4 are observed to be distributed among the loops that together form an extended surface. In particular, sites 76 and 78 (which are part of the same loop) are situated in spatial proximity to sites 3 and 40, which are located on distinct loops. Moreover, site 76 is also situated in spatial proximity to site 24, which, in turn, is spatially close to site 87 (belonging to a different loop). Site 40 resides on a loop that is located in spatial proximity to sites 210 and 211. Thus, sites 3, 24, 40, 76, 78, 87, 210 and 211 (BPN′ numbering) are situated along a surface formed by a series of loops in which these sites reside. Sites 128, 129 and 130 (BPN′ numbering) are in spatial proximity to site 166, as the loop containing sites 128, 129 and 130 comes close to the loop where site 166 is situated. Sites 182 and 185 are also located in spatial proximity to each other—these sites form part of a turn in a loop where they reside. While site 259 is located on a different loop, it appears to form part of the same surface as the loop containing sites 182 and 185. Another pair of sites observed to be in spatial proximity to each other on the three-dimensional structures is formed by sites 118 and 145, which are situated at the bottom of two neighboring, parallel alpha-helices. The beneficial substitutions at these two positions (listed in Table 9) introduce a positive charge (118R, 145R). Together, the surface exposed sites 3, 9, 24, 40, 76, 78, 87, 118, 128, 129, 130, 145, 166, 182, 185, 210, 211, 217, 218, 248 and 259 (BPN′ numbering) account for twenty-one of the twenty-three sites listed in Table 9. The location of these sites on the surface of the molecules, and mostly in loop regions outside of secondary structure motifs, suggests an underlying structural commonality for the improvements in protein stability provided by the amino acid substitutions listed in Table 9.

Example 6 Structure-Based Sequence Alignment of Homologous Subtilisins

The three-dimensional structures of BPN′ (PDB entry code: 2ST1), AprL (PDB entry code: 1CSE), GG36 (PDB entry code: 1JEA) and B. gibsonii-clade subtilisin BSP-00801 (described in WO 2016/205755) were structurally aligned using the 3DM software program (Kuipers, R K et al. (2010) 3DM: Systematic analysis of heterogeneous superfamily data to discover protein functionalities Proteins 78(9):2101-13). For creating the structure-based alignment, the four structures were inserted into the 3DM database and a three-dimensional multiple sequence alignment was created by superimposing the structures and deleting the structural variable regions to determine the common core of structurally equivalent positions (called core positions). B. gibsonii variant subtilisin BSP-00801 shares 96% amino acid sequence identity with subtilisin Bgi02446 wildtype and the structural alignment of Bgi02446 with BPN′, AprL, and GG36 was inferred from the alignment of BSP-00801 with BPN′, AprL, and GG36 sequences. FIG. 5 provides the structural alignment of BPN′, AprL, GG36, and Bgi02446 in which the residues that are structurally homologous in all four molecules are shown in capital letters. Regions of the protein where the 3DM program could not assign a definitive alignment are shown as a gap (-) symbol for proteins other than BPN′ (for BPN′, those non-aligned residues are shown in lower case letters). The sites where stabilizing substitutions were identified for more than one subtilisin backbone (as listed on Table 9), are denoted in FIG. 5 with an asterisk (*) symbol.

Example 7 Additional Subtilisin Variants with Improved Stability in Detergents

A series of variants containing three or four of the amino acid substitutions at positions of interest to increase enzyme stability, and described in Example 4 (Table 9) were generated on each of the following wildtype subtilisin backbones: BPN′ (SEQ ID NO:1), GG36 (SEQ ID NO:2), AprL (B. licheniformis Carlsberg (SEQ ID NO:15), and Bgi02446 (SEQ ID NO:10), using methods similar to the ones described in Example 1. For protein expression experiments, transformed cells were grown in 96-well MTPs in cultivation medium (enriched semi-defined media based on MOPs buffer, with urea as major nitrogen source, glucose as the main carbon source, supplemented with 1% soytone for robust cell growth, containing antibiotic selection) for 3 days at 32° C., 300 rpm, with 80% humidity in shaking incubator. After centrifugation and filtration, clarified culture supernatants containing the proteases of interest were used for assays. These variant samples were tested for stability in 10% detergent solutions, as generally described in Example 2 and specified on Table 10 below. The stability Performance Index (PI) for each variant under each assay condition was obtained by dividing the residual activity of the variant by the residual activity of the parent of that variant.

TABLE 10 Conditions for Stability tests in 10% detergent solutions Subtilisin Backbone Detergent Stress Temperature (° C.) BPN′ CNS 42 BPN′ Persil Non-Bio 46 GG36 Blue Moon 40 GG36 CNS 41 GG36 Persil Non-Bio 46 AprL Persil Non-Bio 44 Bgi02446 CNS 31 Bgi02446 Persil Non-Bio 39

Variants were also tested for cleaning performance in BMI microswatches using Persil Non-Bio detergent as described in Example 2. For each condition and subtilisin variant in this Example, a cleaning performance index (PI) was calculated by dividing the blank subtracted absorbance of the variant by that of the respective parent protease at the same concentration. The blank subtracted absorbance value for the parent protease at the corresponding concentration of the variant was determined using a standard curve of the parent protease, which was included in the test and was generated using a Langmuir fit or Hill Sigmoidal fit, as appropriate.

The results of the evaluation of variants in the above-mentioned subtilisin backbones consisting of 3 or 4 substitutions are shown on Tables 11 and 12. Sample IDs on Tables 11 and 12 are as follows: variants of AprL subtilisin have BLCARL suffix, variants of Bgi02446 have a BG46 suffix, variants of GG36 have a GG36 suffix, and variants of BPN′ have a BPN suffix. All variants reported on these tables show a significant improvement, PI≥1.1 in at least one of three evaluated detergents and retained at least 50% of the cleaning performance as compared to its respective wildtype parent subtilisin. PI values of 4 or greater are indicated by ≥4 in Tables 11 and 12. The benefit of multiple substitutions was observed across these backbones and across detergent formulas. In some cases, the same subtilisin variant appears in more than one instance on Table 11 in order to highlight the shared beneficial features across multiple backbones. ND signifies data not determined for the specific variant under that condition. All substitutions are listed based on corresponding positions in BPN′ numbering (SEQ ID NO: 1). In these tables, the term feature corresponds to amino acid position of interest where a substitution was introduced or in some cases, the amino acid of interest is naturally occurring.

TABLE 11 Subtilisin variants of BPN', GG36, AprL and Bgi02446 with increased stability in detergent (PI ≥ 1.1 in at least one detergent) Cleaning Parent-based performance amino acid Stability in 10% detergent, in BMI, Amino acid features features in BPN PI vs. Parent PI vs. Parent Sample ID in BPN numbering numbering BM CNS PNB PNB BLCARL-08348 X076D-X128Q- D076D-G128Q- 1.3 ND 1.2 1.2 X129P-X218S A129P-N218S BG46-05634 X076D-X128Q- N076D-S128Q- ND ≥4 ND 0.8 X129P-X218S D129P-N218S GG36-15371 X076D-X128Q- N076D-S128Q- 1.7 2.1 ≥4 1.1 X129P-X218S P129P-N218S BLCARL-08355 X076D-X166Q- D076D-G166Q- 1.9 ND ND 1.2 X185Q-X218S N185Q-N218S BG46-05584 X076D-X166Q- N076D-G166Q- ND ≥4 ND 1.0 X185Q-X218S R185Q-N218S GG36-15005 X076D-X166Q- N076D-S166Q- 1.8 ND ND 0.9 X185Q-X218S N185Q-N218S BPN-02131 X145R-X166Q- S145R-G166Q- ND 1.8 1.7 0.7 X185Q-X218S Q185Q-N218S BLCARL-08355 X145R-X166Q- R145R-G166Q- 1.9 ND ND 1.2 X185Q-X218S N185Q-N218S BG46-05800 X145R-X166Q- R145R-G166Q- ND ND 2.7 1.0 X185Q-X218S R185Q-N218S BPN-01835 X003V-X124M- S003V-M124M- ND ND 1.5 0.8 X128S-X166Q G128S-G166Q BLCARL-08394 X003V-X124M- T003V-M124M- 1.6 ND ND 0.9 X128S-X166Q G128S-G166Q GG36-15178 X003V-X124M- S003V-L124M- 1.8 2.0 ND 0.9 X128S-X166Q S128S-S166Q BPN-01919 X078N-X124M- S078N-M124M- ND 1.8 2.0 0.9 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S BLCARL-08340 X078N-X124M- T078N-M124M- 1.8 ND 1.6 1.0 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S GG36-15059 X078N-X124M- S078N-L124M- 2.0 1.9 ND 0.7 X166Q-X218S S166Q-N218S BPN-02058 X003V-X078N- S003V-S078N- ND 1.3 1.6 1.0 X124M-X128S M124M-G128S BLCARL-08459 X003V-X078N- T003V-T078N- 1.9 ND 1.6 0.9 X124M-X128S M124M-G128S GG36-15236 X003V-X078N- S003V-S078N- 1.6 1.5 ≥4 1.0 X124M-X128S L124M-S128S BPN-01992 X003V-X124M- S003V-M124M- ND 1.8 1.8 1.0 X128S-X218S G128S-N218S BLCARL-08323 X003V-X124M- T003V-M124M- 2.1 ND ND 0.9 X128S-X218S G128S-N218S GG36-15233 X003V-X124M- S003V-L124M- 1.7 1.8 ≥4 1.0 X128S-X218S S128S-N218S BPN-02086 X078N-X124M- S078N-M124M- ND 1.7 1.7 0.7 X166Q-X259P G166Q-D259P BLCARL-08256 X078N-X124M- T078N-M124M- 1.7 ND 1.8 0.8 X166Q-X259P G166Q-S259P GG36-15026 X078N-X124M- S078N-L124M- ND 1.6 ND 0.9 X166Q-X259P S166Q-S259P BPN-01583 X003V-X124M- S003V-M124M- ND ND 1.8 0.9 X128S-X166Q- G128S-G166Q- X218S N218S BLCARL-08224 X003V-X124M- T003V-M124M- 1.8 ND ND 1.0 X128S-X166Q- G128S-G166Q- X218S N218S GG36-15012 X003V-X124M- S003V-L124M- 2.1 2.1 ND 0.8 X128S-X166Q- S128S-S166Q- X218S N218S BPN-01839 X003V-X129P- S003V-P129P- ND 1.7 1.5 0.7 X166Q-X259P G166Q-D259P BLCARL-08265 X003V-X129P- T003V-A129P- 1.6 ND ND 0.8 X166Q-X259P G166Q-S259P GG36-15212 X003V-X129P- S003V-P129P- ND 2.1 ND 1.0 X166Q-X259P S166Q-S259P BPN-01899 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- ND <1.1 1.3 0.8 X129P-X259P P129P-D259P BLCARL-08221 X003V-X076D- T003V-D076D- 2.0 ND ND 1.1 X129P-X259P A129P-S259P GG36-15196 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- 2.1 1.8 ND 1.0 X129P-X259P P129P-S259P BPN-01942 X078N-X129P- S078N-P129P- ND 1.4 1.7 0.7 X218S-X259P N218S-D259P BLCARL-08561 X078N-X129P- T078N-A129P- 3.1 ND ND 1.2 X218S-X259P N218S-S259P GG36-15280 X078N-X129P- S078N-P129P- 1.6 2.1 ≥4 0.9 X218S-X259P N218S-S259P BPN-01991 X076D-X078N- N076D-S078N- ND <1.1 2.0 ND X129P-X259P P129P-D259P BLCARL-08357 X076D-X078N- D076D-T078N- 1.4 ND 1.9 1.1 X129P-X259P A129P-S259P GG36-15139 X076D-X078N- N076D-S078N- 2.1 1.8 ND 1.0 X129P-X259P P129P-S259P BLCARL-08274 X076D-X129P- D076D-A129P- 1.7 ND ND 1.0 X218S-X259P N218S-S259P GG36-15169 X076D-X129P- N076D-P129P- 2.2 1.9 ≥4 0.9 X218S-X259P N218S-S259P BPN-02104 X003V-X129P- S003V-P129P- ND 1.4 1.7 0.7 X218S-X259P N218S-D259P BLCARL-08480 X003V-X129P- T003V-A129P- 3.0 ND 1.8 1.0 X218S-X259P N218S-S259P GG36-15347 X003V-X129P- S003V-P129P- 1.5 1.8 ≥4 0.8 X218S-X259P N218S-S259P BPN-01559 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- ND 1.8 ND 0.7 X129P-X166Q- P129P-G166Q- X259P D259P BLCARL-08265 X003V-X076D- T003V-D076D- 1.6 ND ND 0.8 X129P-X166Q- A129P-G166Q- X259P S259P GG36-14965 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- 1.5 ND ND 1.0 X129P-X166Q- P129P-S166Q- X259P S259P BPN-01780 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- ND 1.8 1.9 0.9 X129P-X166Q- P129P-G166Q- X218S N218S BLCARL-08520 X003V-X076D- T003V-D076D- 3.1 ND ND 0.9 X129P-X166Q- A129P-G166Q- X218S N218S GG36-15422 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- 1.5 ND ND 0.9 X129P-X166Q- P129P-S166Q- X218S N218S BPN-01849 X003V-X145R- S003V-S145R- ND 1.8 1.5 0.8 X166Q-X185Q G166Q-Q185Q BLCARL-08262 X003V-X145R- T003V-R145R- 1.6 ND 1.2 0.9 X166Q-X185Q G166Q-N185Q GG36-15353 X003V-X145R- S003V-R145R- ND 2.0 ND 1.0 X166Q-X185Q S166Q-N185Q BPN-01991 X076D-X078N- N076D-S078N- ND <1.1 2.0 ND X185Q-X259P Q185Q-D259P BLCARL-08370 X076D-X078N- D076D-T078N- 1.8 ND ND 1.0 X185Q-X259P N185Q-S259P GG36-15047 X076D-X078N- N076D-S078N- 2.0 2.0 ≥4 1.0 X185Q-X259P N185Q-S259P BPN-01839 X003V-X166Q- S003V-G166Q- ND 1.7 1.5 0.7 X259P D259P BLCARL-08220 X003V-X166Q- T003V-G166Q- 1.7 ND ND 1.0 X259P S259P GG36-15212 X003V-X166Q- S003V-S166Q- ND 2.1 ND 1.0 X259P S259P BPN-01791 X003V-X069S- S003V-A069S- ND 1.8 1.6 0.7 X166Q G166Q BLCARL-08364 X003V-X069S- T003V-A069S- 1.4 ND 1.6 1.0 X166Q G166Q GG36-15114 X003V-X069S- S003V-A069S- 1.7 1.8 ≥4 1.0 X166Q S166Q BPN-01820 X003V-X040E- S003V-P040E- ND 1.8 1.6 ND X166Q G166Q BLCARL-08431 X003V-X040E- T003V-P040E- 1.9 ND ND 1.0 X166Q G166Q GG36-14996 X003V-X040E- S003V-P040E- ND 1.9 <1.1 0.9 X166Q S166Q BPN-01942 X078N-X218S- S078N-N218S- ND 1.4 1.7 0.7 X259P D259P BLCARL-08281 X078N-X218S- T078N-N218S- 2.1 ND 1.4 1.1 X259P S259P GG36-15280 X078N-X218S- S078N-N218S- 1.6 2.1 ≥4 0.9 X259P S259P BPN-02027 X003V-X078N- S003V-S078N- ND 1.7 2.0 0.9 X166Q G166Q BLCARL-08291 X003V-X078N- T003V-T078N- 1.8 ND 1.6 0.9 X166Q G166Q GG36-15206 X003V-X078N- S003V-S078N- 2.1 2.0 ≥4 0.9 X166Q S166Q BPN-02030 X003V-X118R- S003V-N118R- ND 1.7 1.9 0.9 X218S N218S BLCARL-08290 X003V-X118R- T003V-G118R- 1.7 ND 1.7 ND X218S N218S GG36-15295 X003V-X118R- S003V-G118R- 1.6 1.6 ≥4 0.9 X218S N218S BPN-02104 X003V-X218S- S003V-N218S- ND 1.4 1.7 0.7 X259P D259P BLCARL-08200 X003V-X218S- T003V-N218S- 1.5 ND 1.7 1.0 X259P S259P GG36-15347 X003V-X218S- S003V-N218S- 1.5 1.8 ≥4 0.8 X259P S259P BPN-02098 X118R-X166Q- N118R-G166Q- ND 1.8 2.0 0.9 X218S N218S BLCARL-08436 X118R-X166Q- G118R-G166Q- 2.0 ND ND 0.9 X218S N218S GG36-15279 X118R-X166Q- G118R-S166Q- 1.6 2.1 ≥4 0.9 X218S N218S BPN-02086 X078N-X166Q- S078N-G166Q- ND 1.7 1.7 0.7 X259P D259P BLCARL-08256 X078N-X166Q- T078N-G166Q- 1.7 ND 1.8 0.8 X259P S259P GG36-15209 X078N-X166Q- S078N-S166Q- ND 2.1 ND 0.8 X259P S259P BPN-01601 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- ND ND 1.9 0.9 X128S-X218S G128S-N218S BLCARL-08323 X003V-X076D- T003V-D076D- 2.1 ND ND 0.9 X128S-X218S G128S-N218S GG36-15146 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- 1.9 1.8 ≥4 1.0 X128S-X218S S128S-N218S BPN-01559 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- ND 1.8 ND 0.7 X166Q-X259P G166Q-D259P BLCARL-08220 X003V-X076D- T003V-D076D- 1.7 ND ND 1.0 X166Q-X259P G166Q-S259P GG36-14965 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- 1.5 ND ND 1.0 X166Q-X259P S166Q-S259P BPN-01603 X076D-X078N- N076D-S078N- ND ND 1.8 0.8 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S BLCARL-08340 X076D-X078N- D076D-T078N- 1.8 ND 1.6 1.0 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S GG36-15400 X076D-X078N- N076D-S078N- ND 1.8 ND 0.9 X166Q-X218S S166Q-N218S BPN-01583 X003V-X128S- S003V-G128S- ND ND 1.8 0.9 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S BLCARL-08224 X003V-X128S- T003V-G128S- 1.8 ND ND 1.0 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S GG36-15267 X003V-X128S- S003V-S128S- 1.6 2.2 ND 0.9 X166Q-X218S S166Q-N218S BPN-01568 X003V-X078N- S003V-S078N- ND 1.8 1.9 0.8 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S BLCARL-08519 X003V-X078N- T003V-T078N- 3.3 ND 1.9 0.9 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S GG36-15054 X003V-X078N- S003V-S078N- 1.8 2.1 ND 0.8 X166Q-X218S S166Q-N218S BPN-01628 X003V-X078N- S003V-S078N- ND 1.7 1.7 0.9 X145R-X218S S145R-N218S BLCARL-08258 X003V-X078N- T003V-T078N- 1.8 ND <1.1 1.0 X145R-X218S R145R-N218S GG36-15225 X003V-X078N- S003V-S078N- 1.5 1.9 ≥4 0.9 X145R-X218S R145R-N218S BPN-01795 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- ND 1.7 1.9 1.2 X078N-X128S S078N-G128S BLCARL-08459 X003V-X076D- T003V-D076D- 1.9 ND 1.6 0.9 X078N-X128S T078N-G128S GG36-15138 X003V-X076D- S003V-N076D- 2.0 1.7 ND 1.0 X078N-X128S S078N-S128S BPN-01797 X069S-X076D- A069S-N076D- ND 1.8 1.8 0.9 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S BLCARL-08401 X069S-X076D- A069S-D076D- 1.8 ND 1.5 0.7 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S GG36-15115 X069S-X076D- A069S-N076D- ND 2.0 ≥4 1.0 X166Q-X218S S166Q-N218S BPN-01965 X076D-X118R- N076D-N118R- ND 1.9 2.1 0.8 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S BLCARL-08436 X076D-X118R- D076D-G118R- 2.0 ND ND 0.9 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S GG36-14951 X076D-X118R- N076D-G118R- 1.9 2.1 ND 0.9 X166Q-X218S S166Q-N218S BPN-02150 X003V-X128S- S003V-G128S- ND 1.5 1.9 0.9 X218S-X259P N218S-D259P BLCARL-08382 X003V-X128S- T003V-G128S- 2.0 ND 1.5 1.1 X218S-X259P N218S-S259P GG36-15347 X003V-X128S- S003V-S128S- 1.5 1.8 ≥4 0.8 X218S-X259P N218S-S259P BPN-01918 X040E-X076D- P040E-N076D- ND 1.8 2.1 0.8 X124M-X166Q M124M-G166Q BG46-05852 X040E-X076D- S040E-N076D- ND ≥4 ND 1.0 X124M-X166Q M124M-G166Q GG36-14981 X040E-X076D- P040E-N076D- 2.1 2.2 ND 1.0 X124M-X166Q L124M-S166Q BPN-02048 X076D-X128S- N076D-G128S- ND 1.8 2.1 1.0 X185Q-X218S Q185Q-N218S BG46-05828 X076D-X128S- N076D-S128S- ND ND ≥4 1.1 X185Q-X218S R185Q-N218S GG36-15229 X076D-X128S- N076D-S128S- 1.7 2.2 ≥4 0.9 X185Q-X218S N185Q-N218S BPN-02021 X076D-X145R- N076D-S145R- ND 1.8 2.1 1.0 X185Q-X218S Q185Q-N218S BG46-05828 X076D-X145R- N076D-R145R- ND ND ≥4 1.1 X185Q-X218S R185Q-N218S GG36-15229 X076D-X145R- N076D-R145R- 1.7 2.2 ≥4 0.9 X185Q-X218S N185Q-N218S BPN-02031 X078N-X128S- S078N-G128S- ND ND 1.9 1.1 X166Q-X185Q G166Q-Q185Q BG46-05860 X078N-X128S- S078N-S128S- ND ≥4 ND 1.0 X166Q-X185Q G166Q-R185Q GG36-15335 X078N-X128S- S078N-S128S- ND ND ≥4 0.9 X166Q-X185Q S166Q-N185Q BPN-02128 X078N-X145R- S078N-S145R- ND ND 1.5 ND X166Q-X185Q G166Q-Q185Q BG46-05860 X078N-X145R- S078N-R145R- ND ≥4 ND 1.0 X166Q-X185Q G166Q-R185Q GG36-15335 X078N-X145R- S078N-R145R- ND ND ≥4 0.9 X166Q-X185Q S166Q-N185Q BPN-02036 X076D-X128S- N076D-G128S- ND 1.9 2.0 0.9 X166Q-X185Q- G166Q-Q185Q- X218S N218S BG46-05584 X076D-X128S- N076D-S128S- ND ≥4 ND 1.0 X166Q-X185Q- G166Q-R185Q- X218S N218S GG36-15005 X076D-X128S- N076D-S128S- 1.8 ND ND 0.9 X166Q-X185Q- S166Q-N185Q- X218S N218S BPN-01786 X166Q-X218S- G166Q-N218S- ND 1.8 1.8 0.6 X248D S248D BG46-05875 X166Q-X218S- G166Q-N218S- ND ND 3.3 0.9 X248D N248D GG36-15112 X166Q-X218S- S166Q-N218S- 2.0 2.1 ND 1.0 X248D N248D BPN-01918 X040E-X076D- P040E-N076D- ND 1.8 2.1 0.8 X166Q G166Q BG46-05852 X040E-X076D- S040E-N076D- ND ≥4 ND 1.0 X166Q G166Q GG36-15182 X040E-X076D- P040E-N076D- 2.1 ND ≥4 1.0 X166Q S166Q BLCARL-08292 X076D-X166Q- D076D-G166Q- 2.2 ND 1.6 0.9 X185Q-X259P N185Q-S259P BG46-05524 X076D-X166Q- N076D-G166Q- ND ND 1.9 1.0 X185Q-X259P R185Q-N259P GG36-15007 X076D-X166Q- N076D-S166Q- 1.8 1.9 ND 0.9 X185Q-X259P N185Q-S259P BPN-02117 X003T-X076D- S003T-N076D- ND 1.3 1.9 0.9 X078N S078N GG36-15191 X003T-X076D- S003T-N076D- 2.0 1.8 ND 1.0 X078N S078N BPN-01699 X003T-X076D- S003T-N076D- ND 1.7 2.0 0.7 X078N-X218S S078N-N218S GG36-15051 X003T-X076D- S003T-N076D- 2.1 1.8 ND 0.7 X078N-X218S S078N-N218S BG46-05650 X003T-X076D- T003T-N076D- ND ≥4 1.7 0.9 X129P-X218S D129P-N218S GG36-15185 X003T-X076D- S003T-N076D- 1.9 1.8 ND 1.0 X129P-X218S P129P-N218S BG46-05631 X003T-X040E- T003T-S040E- ND 3.8 ND 1.1 X076D-X130S N076D-F130S GG36-15226 X003T-X040E- S003T-P040E- 1.7 2.1 ≥4 1.0 X076D-X130S N076D-S130S BG46-05659 X003T-X040E- T003T-S040E- ND ≥4 1.4 0.9 X076D-X129P N076D-D129P GG36-15226 X003T-X040E- S003T-P040E- 1.7 2.1 ≥4 1.0 X076D-X129P N076D-P129P BG46-05697 X003T-X076D- T003T-N076D- ND 1.3 <1.1 1.1 X217L-X248D M217L-N248D GG36-15109 X003T-X076D- S003T-N076D- 2.0 1.7 ≥4 1.1 X217L-X248D L217L-N248D BPN-01855 X009E-X166Q- S009E-G166Q- ND 1.8 1.9 0.8 X259P D259P BLCARL-08330 X009E-X166Q- P009E-G166Q- 2.0 ND 1.5 0.8 X259P S259P BPN-02055 X009E-X076D- S009E-N076D- ND 1.8 1.9 0.8 X218S N218S GG36-15281 X009E-X076D- S009E-N076D- 1.6 2.2 ≥4 0.9 X218S N218S BPN-01811 X009E-X218S- S009E-N218S- ND 1.8 1.8 0.8 X259P D259P BLCARL-08264 X009E-X218S- P009E-N218S- 1.6 ND 1.7 0.8 X259P S259P BPN-01852 X003V-X009E- S003V-S009E- ND 1.7 2.0 0.9 X166Q G166Q BLCARL-08386 X003V-X009E- T003V-P009E- 2.1 ND ND 1.1 X166Q G166Q BPN-01704 X003V-X009E- S003V-S009E- ND 1.8 2.0 0.9 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S BLCARL-08562 X003V-X009E- T003V-P009E- 3.4 ND 1.5 0.9 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S BPN-01970 X009E-X166Q- S009E-G166Q- ND ND 2.2 0.8 X218S-X259P N218S-D259P BLCARL-08198 X009E-X166Q- P009E-G166Q- 1.8 ND 1.4 1.0 X218S-X259P N218S-S259P BPN-01789 X009E-X166Q- S009E-G166Q- ND 1.8 1.8 1.0 X185Q-X218S Q185Q-N218S BG46-05488 X009E-X166Q- T009E-G166Q- ND ≥4 ND 1.0 X185Q-X218S R185Q-N218S BPN-01811 X009E-X185Q- S009E-Q185Q- ND 1.8 1.8 0.8 X218S-X259P N218S-D259P BG46-05487 X009E-X185Q- T009E-R185Q- ND ≥4 1.7 1.0 X218S-X259P N218S-N259P BPN-02055 X009E-X076D- S009E-N076D- ND 1.8 1.9 0.8 X185Q-X218S Q185Q-N218S BG46-05539 X009E-X076D- T009E-N076D- ND ≥4 1.8 1.1 X185Q-X218S R185Q-N218S BLCARL-08330 X009E-X076D- P009E-D076D- 2.0 ND 1.5 0.8 X166Q-X259P G166Q-S259P BG46-05612 X009E-X076D- T009E-N076D- ND ND 1.5 0.9 X166Q-X259P G166Q-N259P BPN-01826 X040E-X218S- P040E-N218S- ND 1.6 1.7 0.7 X259P D259P BLCARL-08388 X040E-X218S- P040E-N218S- 2.0 ND ND 1.0 X259P S259P BPN-02129 X040E-X128S- P040E-G128S- ND 1.8 1.9 0.9 X129P-X218S P129P-N218S BG46-05657 X040E-X128S- S040E-S128S- ND ≥4 ND 0.9 X129P-X218S D129P-N218S BPN-02199 X040E-X129P- P040E-P129P- ND 1.8 2.0 1.0 X145R-X218S S145R-N218S BG46-05657 X040E-X129P- S040E-D129P- ND ≥4 ND 0.9 X145R-X218S R145R-N218S BPN-02129 X040E-X128S- P040E-G128S- ND 1.8 1.9 0.9 X130S-X218S S130S-N218S BG46-05670 X040E-X128S- S040E-S128S- ND 3.0 1.7 1.2 X130S-X218S F130S-N218S BPN-02199 X040E-X130S- P040E-S130S- ND 1.8 2.0 1.0 X145R-X218S S145R-N218S BG46-05670 X040E-X130S- S040E-F130S- ND 3.0 1.7 1.2 X145R-X218S R145R-N218S BPN-01918 X040E-X076D- P040E-N076D- ND 1.8 2.1 0.8 X166Q-X185Q G166Q-Q185Q BG46-05490 X040E-X076D- S040E-N076D- ND ≥4 ND 1.0 X166Q-X185Q G166Q-R185Q BPN-01842 X069S-X166Q- A069S-G166Q- ND 1.6 1.3 0.7 X259P D259P BLCARL-08371 X069S-X166Q- A069S-G166Q- 2.0 ND ND 1.0 X259P S259P BPN-01592 X003V-X069S- S003V-A069S- ND 1.7 1.4 0.8 X166Q-X259P G166Q-D259P BLCARL-08521 X003V-X069S- T003V-A069S- 3.3 ND 1.8 0.9 X166Q-X259P G166Q-S259P BPN-01615 X069S-X166Q- A069S-G166Q- ND 1.8 1.5 ND X217L-X218S Y217L-N218S BLCARL-08401 X069S-X166Q- A069S-G166Q- 1.8 ND 1.5 0.7 X217L-X218S L217L-N218S BPN-01608 X069S-X076D- A069S-N076D- ND 1.6 1.7 0.7 X218S-X259P N218S-D259P BLCARL-08285 X069S-X076D- A069S-D076D- 1.7 ND 1.6 0.9 X218S-X259P N218S-S259P BPN-01558 X069S-X145R- A069S-S145R- ND 1.8 1.7 0.8 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S BLCARL-08401 X069S-X145R- A069S-R145R- 1.8 ND 1.5 0.7 X166Q-X218S G166Q-N218S BPN-01605 X069S-X166Q- A069S-G166Q- ND 1.7 1.6 0.6 X218S-X259P N218S-D259P BLCARL-08215 X069S-X166Q- A069S-G166Q- 2.1 ND 1.9 0.9 X218S-X259P N218S-S259P BPN-01841 X003V-X118R- S003V-N118R- ND 1.7 1.5 0.7 X166Q G166Q GG36-15265 X003V-X118R- S003V-G118R- 1.3 1.9 ND 0.9 X166Q S166Q BPN-01804 X118R-X218S- N118R-N218S- ND 1.5 1.6 0.8 X259P D259P BLCARL-08307 X118R-X218S- G118R-N218S- 1.7 ND ND ND X259P S259P BPN-02093 X118R-X128S- N118R-G128S- ND 1.6 1.8 1.0 X129P-X218S P129P-N218S BG46-05713 X118R-X128S- N118R-S128S- ND 1.9 1.3 0.7 X129P-X218S D129P-N218S BPN-02178 X118R-X129P- N118R-P129P- ND 1.9 1.6 0.8 X145R-X218S S145R-N218S BG46-05713 X118R-X129P- N118R-D129P- ND 1.9 1.3 0.7 X145R-X218S R145R-N218S BPN-02093 X118R-X128S- N118R-G128S- ND 1.6 1.8 1.0 X130S-X218S S130S-N218S BG46-05720 X118R-X128S- N118R-S128S- ND ≥4 1.5 1.0 X130S-X218S F130S-N218S BPN-02178 X118R-X130S- N118R-S130S- ND 1.9 1.6 0.8 X145R-X218S S145R-N218S BG46-05720 X118R-X130S- N118R-F130S- ND ≥4 1.5 1.0 X145R-X218S R145R-N218S BPN-01831 X124I-X218S- M124I-N218S- ND 1.7 1.5 1.0 X259P D259P BLCARL-08286 X124I-X218S- M124I-N218S- 2.2 ND ND 1.3 X259P S259P BPN-01782 X003V-X124I- S003V-M124I- ND 1.5 <1.1 0.9 X166Q G166Q BLCARL-08350 X003V-X124I- T003V-M124I- 1.4 ND 1.7 1.1 X166Q G166Q BPN-01832 X124I-X166Q- M124I-G166Q- ND 1.7 <1.1 0.8 X259P D259P BLCARL-08352 X124I-X166Q- M124I-G166Q- 1.6 ND ND 1.1 X259P S259P BPN-01792 X003V-X124I- S003V-M124I- ND 1.3 1.2 1.0 X259P D259P BLCARL-08312 X003V-X124I- T003V-M124I- 1.9 ND 1.6 1.2 X259P S259P BPN-02091 X003V-X078N- S003V-S078N- ND 1.5 1.7 1.1 X124I M124I BLCARL-08444 X003V-X078N- T003V-T078N- 1.9 ND ND 1.1 X124I M124I BPN-02080 X003V-X124I- S003V-M124I- ND 1.8 1.8 1.0 X218S N218S BLCARL-08270 X003V-X124I- T003V-M124I- 1.4 ND 1.8 1.2 X218S N218S BPN-01562 X003V-X124I- S003V-M124I- ND 1.7 1.8 1.1 X217L-X218S Y217L-N218S BLCARL-08270 X003V-X124I- T003V-M124I- 1.4 ND 1.8 1.2 X217L-X218S L217L-N218S BG46-05662 X076D-X128Q- N076D-S128Q- ND ≥4 1.5 1.0 X218S N218S GG36-15371 X076D-X128Q- N076D-S128Q- 1.7 2.1 ≥4 1.1 X218S N218S BLCARL-08315 X076D-X128Q- D076D-G128Q- 1.8 ND ND 1.2 X185Q-X259P N185Q-S259P BG46-05583 X076D-X128Q- N076D-S128Q- ND ≥4 1.9 1.2 X185Q-X259P R185Q-N259P BLCARL-08421 X076D-X128Q- D076D-G128Q- 1.7 ND 1.9 1.2 X166Q-X185Q G166Q-N185Q BG46-05538 X076D-X128Q- N076D-S128Q- ND ND 1.1 1.0 X166Q-X185Q G166Q-R185Q BLCARL-08348 X128Q-X129P- G128Q-A129P- 1.3 ND 1.2 1.2 X130S-X218S S130S-N218S BG46-05698 X128Q-X129P- S128Q-D129P- ND 3.3 1.6 0.8 X130S-X218S F130S-N218S BLCARL-08421 X128Q-X130S- G128Q-S130S- 1.7 ND 1.9 1.2 X166Q-X185Q G166Q-N185Q BG46-05625 X128Q-X130S- S128Q-F130S- ND ≥4 ND 1.0 X166Q-X185Q G166Q-R185Q BLCARL-08348 X128Q-X129P- G128Q-A129P- 1.3 ND 1.2 1.2 X217L-X218S L217L-N218S BG46-05703 X128Q-X129P- S128Q-D129P- ND 4.0 <1.1 0.8 X217L-X218S M217L-N218S BLCARL-08315 X128Q-X185Q- G128Q-N185Q- 1.8 ND ND 1.2 X259P S259P BG46-05785 X128Q-X185Q- S128Q-R185Q- ND ND 3.9 1.1 X259P N259P BPN-01954 X128S-X130S- G128S-S130S- ND ND 2.1 1.2 X217L-X218S Y217L-N218S BG46-05685 X128S-X130S- S128S-F130S- ND 2.4 1.3 1.2 X217L-X218S M217L-N218S BPN-01954 X128S-X129P- G128S-P129P- ND ND 2.1 1.2 X217L-X218S Y217L-N218S BG46-05678 X128S-X129P- S128S-D129P- ND 2.4 <1.1 0.8 X217L-X218S M217L-N218S BPN-02037 X076D-X078N- N076D-S078N- ND 1.4 ND 1.0 X124M-X217L M124M-Y217L GG36-15201 X076D-X078N- N076D-S078N- 1.5 <1.1 ≥4 1.0 X124M-X217L L124M-L217L BPN-02037 X076D-X078N- N076D-S078N- ND 1.4 ND 1.0 X185Q-X217L Q185Q-Y217L GG36-15142 X076D-X078N- N076D-S078N- 2.0 1.9 ≥4 0.9 X185Q-X217L N185Q-L217L BG46-05646 X076D-X124M- N076D-M124M- ND ≥4 1.6 1.1 X128Q-X217L S128Q-M217L GG36-15319 X076D-X124M- N076D-L124M- 1.6 2.0 ≥4 1.1 X128Q-X217L S128Q-L217L BG46-05681 X124M-X217L- M124M-M217L- ND 1.7 <1.1 1.1 X218S-X248D N218S-N248D GG36-15151 X124M-X217L- L124M-L217L- 1.8 1.7 ≥4 0.9 X218S-X248D N218S-N248D BG46-05697 X076D-X124M- N076D-M124M- ND 1.3 <1.1 1.1 X217L-X248D M217L-N248D GG36-15096 X076D-X124M- N076D-L124M- 1.9 1.8 ≥4 1.0 X217L-X248D L217L-N248D BLCARL-08426 X166Q-X248D- G166Q-N248D- 2.0 ND 1.5 1.0 X259P S259P GG36-15107 X166Q-X248D- S166Q-N248D- 1.2 1.9 ≥4 1.0 X259P S259P BPN-01786 X166Q-X185Q- G166Q-Q185Q- ND 1.8 1.8 0.6 X218S-X248D N218S-S248D BG46-05512 X166Q-X185Q- G166Q-R185Q- ND ≥4 1.7 1.0 X218S-X248D N218S-N248D BPN-01851 X003V-X218S- S003V-N218S- ND 1.6 1.7 0.8 X248D S248D GG36-15083 X003V-X218S- S003V-N218S- 1.9 1.6 ≥4 1.0 X248D N248D BLCARL-08412 X128Q-X248D- G128Q-N248D- 1.6 ND 1.3 1.3 X259P S259P BG46-05845 X128Q-X248D- S128Q-N248D- ND ≥4 2.5 1.0 X259P N259P BLCARL-08426 X076D-X166Q- D076D-G166Q- 2.0 ND 1.5 1.0 X248D-X259P N248D-S259P GG36-15162 X076D-X166Q- N076D-S166Q- ND 2.1 ≥4 0.9 X248D-X259P N248D-S259P BG46-05872 X003T-X130S- T003T-F130S- ND ND 2.0 1.0 X166Q-X248D G166Q-N248D GG36-15158 X003T-X130S- S003T-S130S- 1.7 1.9 4.0 0.9 X166Q-X248D S166Q-N248D BG46-05970 X003T-X076D- T003T-N076D- ND 2.4 3.8 1.1 X130S-X248D F130S-N248D GG36-15109 X003T-X076D- S003T-N076D- 2.0 1.7 ≥4 1.1 X130S-X248D S130S-N248D BG46-05922 X003T-X076D- T003T-N076D- ND ≥4 ND 0.9 X129P-X248D D129P-N248D GG36-15109 X003T-X076D- S003T-N076D- 2.0 1.7 ≥4 1.1 X129P-X248D P129P-N248D BG46-05655 X124M-X130S- M124M-F130S- ND 2.5 1.4 1.1 X218S-X248D N218S-N248D GG36-15151 X124M-X130S- L124M-S130S- 1.8 1.7 ≥4 0.9 X218S-X248D N218S-N248D BG46-05658 X118R-X124M- N118R-M124M- ND 2.2 1.5 0.9 X129P-X248D D129P-N248D GG36-15121 X118R-X124M- G118R-L124M- 1.2 1.3 <1.1 1.0 X129P-X248D P129P-N248D BG46-05663 X118R-X124M- N118R-M124M- ND 2.4 1.4 1.2 X130S-X248D F130S-N248D GG36-15121 X118R-X124M- G118R-L124M- 1.2 1.3 <1.1 1.0 X130S-X248D S130S-N248D

TABLE 12 Subtilisin variants of BPN′, GG36, AprL and Bgi02446 with increased stability in detergent Stability in 10% detergent, Cleaning performance Amino acid features PI vs. Parent in BMI, PI vs. Parent Sample ID in BPN numbering BM CNS PNB PNB BG46-05826 T003Q-R185Q-N248D ND ND 2.8 1.1 BG46-05916 T003Q-F130S-R185Q ND ND 3.3 1.2 BG46-05971 T003Q-T009E-N076D ND ND ≥4 1.1 BG46-06043 T003Q-T009E-R185Q-N248D ND ND ≥4 1.1 BG46-05754 T003Q-S128Q-F130S ND 3.7 <1.1 1.0 BLCARL-08425 T003Q-G128Q-S259P 1.4 ND ND 1.2 BPN-02063 S003Q-G128Q-N218S ND 1.3 ND 0.5 BPN-02040 S003Q-S078N-Y217L ND 1.5 ND 1.1 BPN-01742 S003Q-M124I-N218S-D259P ND 1.6 ND ND BPN-01651 S003Q-S078N-P210I-N218S ND ND 1.6 ND GG36-15011 S003Q-N076D-L124M-S166Q <1.1  1.7 ND 1.0 GG36-15230 S003Q-N076D-S166Q 1.3 2.2 ND 1.0 GG36-15380 S003Q-P040E-N076D 1.7 2.1 ND 1.1 GG36-15346 S003Q-N076D-S259P 1.6 2.0 ≥4 1.0 GG36-15307 S003Q-N076D-P210I ND 2.1 ≥4 1.0 BG46-05608 S024Q-N076D-G166Q-R185Q ND ND 1.4 0.9 BG46-05894 T009E-S024Q-G166Q ND ND 1.6 1.0 BG46-05521 T009E-S024Q-N076D-R185Q ND ND 1.6 0.9 BG46-05855 S024Q-R185Q-N259P ND ND 2.3 1.0 BG46-05746 S024Q-S128Q-D129P ND 2.3 <1.1 0.7 BLCARL-08510 T003V-A024Q-N218S-S259P 3.0 ND ND 0.9 BLCARL-08334 T003V-A024Q-S259P 1.4 ND 1.8 1.0 BPN-02052 S024Q-N076D-S078N ND 1.3 1.8 0.8 BPN-01580 S024Q-M124I-G166Q-N218S ND 1.7 1.5 0.9 BPN-01732 S024Q-S078N-Y217Q-N218S ND 1.6 1.7 1.1 BPN-01741 S024Q-A069S-S078N-N218S ND 1.7 1.7 0.8 BPN-01864 S024Q-M124I-N218S ND 1.8 1.7 1.0 GG36-15283 S024Q-N076D-S166Q 1.7 2.1 ND 1.0 GG36-15286 S024Q-N076D-S078N 1.6 1.9 ≥4 1.0 GG36-15373 S003V-S024Q-N076D 1.5 1.8 ≥4 1.0 BG46-05637 N087D-D129P-F130S ND 1.6 1.3 0.9 BG46-05695 N087D-F130S-N248D ND 1.8 1.3 1.1 BG46-05898 N087D-D129P-F130S-N248D ND 1.3 2.2 1.0 BG46-05958 N087D-S128Q-D129P-N248D ND ND 3.6 0.9 BG46-05632 N087D-D129P-N248D ND 3.1 <1.1 0.9 BLCARL-08361 S087D-N218S-S259P ND ND 1.8 1.0 BLCARL-08297 T003V-S087D-S259P 1.8 ND ND 1.0 BLCARL-08387 T003V-S087D-G128Q 1.9 ND ND 1.2 BLCARL-08216 T003V-S087D-G128Q-N218S 2.0 ND ND 1.2 BLCARL-08294 T003V-S087D-N218S 2.2 ND ND 1.0 BPN-01579 S087D-G166Q-N218S-D259P ND ND 2.0 0.7 BPN-01845 S087D-M124I-N218S ND ND 2.2 1.0 BPN-02197 S078N-S087D-Y217Q ND <1.1 1.4 0.7 GG36-15163 N076D-S087D-S166Q 1.7 ND ND 1.0 GG36-14956 N076D-S087D-L124M-S166Q ND 1.9 ND 1.0 GG36-14970 N076D-S078N-S087D-S166Q 1.2 1.8 ND 0.9 GG36-15093 S003V-S087D-N248D 2.0 1.4 ND 1.0 GG36-15087 N076D-S087D-L124M-N218S 2.0 1.8 ND 0.9 BG46-05955 T009E-S128R-N248D ND ND 2.4 0.8 BG46-05811 S128R-R185Q-N248D ND ND 3.2 0.8 BG46-05903 N076D-S128R-R185Q ND ND ≥4 0.9 BG46-05615 T009E-N076D-S128R-R185Q ND ≥4 ND 0.9 BG46-05520 T009E-S128R-R185Q-N248D ND ≥4 1.8 1.0 BLCARL-08416 G128R-G166Q-S259P ND ND 1.8 0.8 BLCARL-08456 T003V-G128R-G166Q 2.2 ND ND 0.8 BLCARL-08347 G128R-N218S-S259P 1.6 ND 1.5 0.9 BLCARL-08255 T003V-G128R-S259P 1.7 ND 1.5 0.9 BLCARL-08422 T003V-G128R-N218S-S259P 1.8 ND 1.5 0.7 BPN-01728 S003V-S078N-G128R-N218S ND ND 1.3 ND GG36-15148 N076D-S128R-S166Q ND 2.1 ND 0.8 GG36-15025 N076D-G118R-S128R-S166Q ND 2.2 ND 0.7 GG36-15329 L124M-S128R-S166Q ND 2.3 ND 0.9 GG36-15308 S078N-S128R-S166Q 1.6 2.2 ND 0.8 GG36-15050 N076D-S078N-G118R-S128R 2.0 2.0 ND 0.7 BG46-05993 T009E-G166Q-Q182E-R185Q ND ND 1.3 1.0 BG46-05550 T009E-Q182E-R185Q-N259P ND ND 1.6 1.2 BG46-05567 T009E-S128Q-Q182E-R185Q ND ND 2.0 1.2 BG46-05913 D129P-Q182E-R185Q ND ND 2.2 0.9 BG46-05912 D129P-Q182E-R185Q ND ND 2.6 0.9 BLCARL-08313 T003V-S182E-S259P 1.8 ND ND ND BLCARL-08182 T003V-G128Q-S182E-N218S 1.4 ND 1.2 1.1 BLCARL-08343 T003V-G128Q-S182E 1.5 ND 1.2 1.2 BLCARL-08184 T003V-S182E-N185Q-S259P 1.6 ND 1.4 1.1 BLCARL-08424 G128Q-S182E-S259P 1.7 ND 1.8 1.1 BPN-01850 M124I-S182E-N218S ND ND 1.6 0.9 BPN-01657 N076D-S078N-S182E-N218S ND ND 1.7 0.7 BPN-02132 N076D-S078N-S182E ND 1.7 1.7 0.8 BPN-02010 S003Q-S078N-S182E ND 1.7 1.7 1.0 BPN-01945 S078N-S182E-N218S ND 1.8 1.8 0.8 GG36-15105 S003V-S166Q-Q182E ND 1.9 ND 1.0 GG36-15375 S003V-N076D-Q182E-N218S ND 2.1 ND 1.0 GG36-15165 S009E-N076D-Q182E ND 2.1 ND 0.9 GG36-15023 S003V-N076D-S166Q-Q182E 1.4 2.0 ND 0.9 GG36-15284 S003V-N076D-Q182E 1.5 2.2 ND 1.1 BG46-05930 R185Q-P210I-N259P ND ND 1.9 1.1 BG46-05835 T009E-R185Q-P210I ND ND ≥4 1.1 BG46-05847 G166Q-R185Q-P210I ND ≥4 ND 1.0 BG46-05881 N076D-R185Q-P210I ND ND ≥4 1.1 BG46-05594 G166Q-R185Q-P210I-N248D ND ≥4 ND 1.1 BLCARL-08233 T003V-N185Q-P210I-S259P 1.5 ND ND 1.0 BLCARL-08455 G166Q-P210I-S259P 1.9 ND ND 0.7 BLCARL-08461 G128Q-P210I-S259P 1.2 ND <1.1 1.2 BLCARL-08372 T003V-G128Q-P210I <1.1  ND 1.4 1.5 BLCARL-08284 T003V-P210I-S259P 1.2 ND 1.2 1.4 BPN-01663 N076D-S078N-P210I-N218S ND <1.1 1.1 0.9 BPN-01651 S003Q-S078N-P210I-N218S ND ND 1.6 ND GG36-15219 S003V-S166Q-P210I ND 2.1 ND 0.9 GG36-14927 S003V-N076D-S166Q-P210I ND 2.1 ND 1.0 GG36-15377 S003V-L124M-S166Q-P210I ND 2.1 ND 0.9 GG36-15210 S078N-S166Q-P210I ND 2.3 ND 0.9 GG36-14985 P040E-N076D-S166Q-P210I 1.3 1.9 ND 1.0 BLCARL-08462 A129P-T211P-S259P 1.7 ND ND 0.7 BLCARL-08362 G166Q-T211P-S259P ND ND 1.9 1.0 BLCARL-08240 T003V-A129P-T211P-N218S 1.9 ND ND 1.0 BLCARL-08472 T003V-G128Q-T211P-N218S 2.1 ND ND 1.1 BLCARL-08252 T003V-T211P-S259P 1.4 ND <1.1 1.0 BPN-02162 N076D-S078N-G211P ND <1.1 1.7 1.0 BPN-02119 S003Q-G211P-N218S ND 1.7 1.6 1.0 BPN-01644 S003Q-S078N-G211P-N218S ND 1.7 1.5 0.7 BPN-01756 S003V-S078N-G211P-N218S ND 1.7 1.6 0.9 GG36-15217 N076D-S078N-G211P ND 2.1 ND 1.0 GG36-15240 S003V-N076D-G211P 1.7 2.0 ND 1.0 GG36-15042 N076D-S078N-L124M-G211P 2.2 1.9 ND 1.0 GG36-15080 S003V-N076D-S078N-G211P 2.2 2.0 ND 1.0 GG36-15001 N076D-L124M-S166Q-G211P 2.0 2.1 1.2 0.9 BG46-05536 T009E-S040E-R185Q-M217Q ND ND 1.5 1.2 BG46-05734 S128Q-M217Q-N248D ND 1.1 <1.1 1.2 BG46-05956 R185Q-M217Q-N218S ND ND 1.7 1.1 BG46-05972 T009E-M217Q-N259P ND 2.1 <1.1 1.1 BG46-06021 T009E-R185Q-M217Q-N248D ND ND 2.4 1.2 BLCARL-08404 G128Q-L217Q-S259P <1.1  ND 1.2 1.3 BLCARL-08502 T003V-G128Q-L217Q-S259P 1.4 ND <1.1 1.3 BLCARL-08193 T003V-T078N-L217Q-S259P 1.3 ND 1.3 1.0 BLCARL-08359 T003V-L217Q-N218S-S259P 1.6 ND 1.9 1.0 BLCARL-08366 T003V-L217Q-N218S-S259P 1.8 ND 1.8 1.0 BPN-01910 M124I-Y217Q-N218S ND ND 1.6 1.2 BPN-01708 S003Q-S078N-G166Q-Y217Q ND ND 1.7 0.9 BPN-01639 S078N-N118R-Y217Q-N218S ND 1.7 ND ND BPN-01658 S078N-G166Q-Y217Q-N218S ND ND 1.7 0.9 BPN-01746 S009E-S078N-Y217Q-N218S ND 1.8 ND 1.1 GG36-15290 N076D-L124M-L217Q 1.5 1.6 ≥4 1.1 GG36-15193 N076D-L217Q-N248D 1.7 1.5 ≥4 1.0 GG36-15321 S003V-N076D-L217Q 1.6 1.4 ≥4 1.0 GG36-15323 N076D-S078N-L217Q 1.6 1.7 ≥4 1.0 GG36-15351 N076D-L217Q-N218S 1.6 2.0 ≥4 0.9 BLCARL-08263 G128Q-G166Q-N218S 1.7 ND 1.6 1.1 BLCARL-08383 D076D-T078N-G128Q-N218S 1.7 ND 1.6 1.3 BPN-01637 S003Q-S078N-G128Q-N218S ND 1.4 ND 1.0 BPN-01901 S003V-G128Q-N218S ND 1.3 ND 0.5 BPN-01960 S078N-G128Q-N218S ND 1.2 ND 0.5 BPN-02164 P040E-S078N-S087D ND 1.5 1.8 1.0 BPN-02151 A069S-S078N-S087D ND 1.1 1.6 1.0

Example 8 Substitutions in Additional Subtilisin Backbones

A representative set of subtilisin variants in additional parent proteases containing some of the features described above were prepared and tested as previously described above. In addition to the variants listed in Tables 11 and 12, a series of variants containing three or four of the amino acid substitutions at positions of interest to increase enzyme stability, and described in Example 4 (Table 9) were generated on the following parent subtilisin backbones: AprE (e.g. WP_003233171)(SEQ ID NO: 18); WP_082194748 (formerly WP_008359041) (SEQ ID NO: 19); Chemgen 164A (SEQ ID NO: 2 in U.S. Pat. No. 5,275,945) (SEQ ID NO: 20); DSM14391 (SEQ ID NO: 13 in WO2018118917)(SEQ ID NO: 21); BspZ00056 (SEQ ID NO:9 in WO 2016069544)(SEQ ID NO: 22); Bba02069 (SEQ ID NO: 3 in WO2016061438) (SEQ ID NO: 23); Bad02409 (SEQ ID NO: 13 in WO201069557) (SEQ ID NO: 24); BspAK01305 (SEQ ID NO: 6 in WO2016069569) (SEQ ID NO: 25); BspAI02518 (SEQ ID NO: 3 in WO2015/089441)(SEQ ID NO: 26); and Bpan01744 (SEQ ID NO: 3 in WO2016069563) (SEQ ID NO: 27), using methods similar to the ones described in Example 1.

These variant samples were tested for stability in 10% detergent solutions, as generally described in Example 7, where the stress temperature was selected such that the reference, or parent, subtilisin was targeted to have about 30% residual activity. The subtilisin variants provided below in Table 13 all have a stability performance index equal or greater than 1.1 in 10% Persil Non-Bio detergent solution. Sample IDs on Table 13 are as follows: variants of AprL subtilisin have BLCARL suffix, variants of Bgi02446 have a BG46 suffix, variants of GG36 have a GG36 suffix, and variants of BPN′ have a BPN suffix, variants of AprE have an APRE suffix, variants of WP_082194748 have a WP082194748 suffix, variants of Chemgen 164A have a CHEMGEN suffix, variants of DSM14391 have a DSM14391 suffix, variants of BspZ00056 have a BSPZ56 suffix, variants of Bba02069 have a BBA02069 suffix, variants of BAD02409 have a BAD02409 suffix, variants of BspAK01305 have a BSPAK01305 suffix, variants of BspAI02518 have a BSPAI2518 suffix, variants of Bpan01744 have a BPAN01744 suffix. All substitutions are listed based on corresponding positions in BPN′ numbering (SEQ ID NO: 1), where the mature sequences were aligned based on available structures and homology models. In Table 13, the term “feature” corresponds to amino acid position of interest where a substitution was introduced or in some cases, the amino acid of interest is naturally occurring.

TABLE 13 Variants of BPN′, GG36, AprL, Bgi02446 and additional subtilisins with increased stability in detergent (PI ≥ 1.1 in 10% Persil Non-Bio detergent solution) Triples and quads in common Amino acid features Parent-based amino acid across multiple BBS in BPN numbering features in BPN numbering BBA02069-00013 X003V-X040E-X166Q Q003V-P040E-G166Q BPN-01820 S003V-P040E-G166Q BSPAK01305-00598 S003V-S040E-G166Q WP082194748-00139 T003V-P040E-G166Q APRE-00575 X003V-X069S-X166Q S003V-A069S-G166Q BPN-01791 S003V-A069S-G166Q GG36-15114 S003V-A069S-S166Q BAD02409-00464 T003V-A069S-G166Q BLCARL-08364 T003V-A069S-G166Q BPN-01592 X003V-X069S-X166Q-X259P S003V-A069S-G166Q-D259P APRE-00908 S003V-A069S-G166Q-N259P BLCARL-08521 T003V-A069S-G166Q-S259P APRE-00613 X003V-X076D-X078N-X128S S003V-N076D-S078N-G128S BPN-01795 S003V-N076D-S078N-G128S BLCARL-08459 T003V-D076D-T078N-G128S BPN-01899 X003V-X076D-X129P-X259P S003V-N076D-P129P-D259P BPAN01744-00470 S003V-N076D-S129P-N259P BSPZ56-00131 T003V-D076D-S129P-G259P CHEMGEN-00454 T003V-N076D-S129P-D259P APRE-00928 X003V-X078N-X124I S003V-S078N-M124I BPN-02091 S003V-S078N-M124I BAD02409-00620 T003V-S078N-M124I GG36-15236 X003V-X078N-X124M-X128S S003V-S078N-L124M-S128S BPN-02058 S003V-S078N-M124M-G128S BSPAI2518-00467 S003V-S078N-M124M-G128S BLCARL-08459 T003V-T078N-M124M-G128S CHEMGEN-00499 T003V-T078N-M124M-G128S BPAN01744-00059 X003V-X078N-X166Q S003V-S078N-G166Q BPN-02027 S003V-S078N-G166Q GG36-15206 S003V-S078N-S166Q BLCARL-08291 T003V-T078N-G166Q WP082194748-00562 T003V-T078N-G166Q APRE-00696 X003V-X124M-X128S-X166Q S003V-M124M-G128S-G166Q BPN-01835 S003V-M124M-G128S-G166Q WP082194748-00219 T003V-M124M-G128S-G166Q BPAN01744-00033 X003V-X124I-X166Q S003V-M124I-G166Q BAD02409-00266 T003V-M124I-G166Q BLCARL-08350 T003V-M124I-G166Q BPN-01792 X003V-X124I-X259P S003V-M124I-D259P APRE-00806 S003V-M124I-N259P BPAN01744-00218 S003V-M124I-N259P BLCARL-08312 T003V-M124I-S259P APRE-00617 X003V-X128S-X166Q-X218S S003V-G128S-G166Q-N218S BPN-01583 S003V-G128S-G166Q-N218S DSM14391-00214 T003V-G128G-G166Q-P218S BPN-02150 X003V-X128S-X218S-X259P S003V-G128S-N218S-D259P BSPAI2518-00567 S003V-G128S-N218S-N259P GG36-15347 S003V-S128S-N218S-S259P BLCARL-08382 T003V-G128S-N218S-S259P BBA02069-00471 X003V-X166Q-X259P Q003V-G166Q-S259P BPN-01839 S003V-G166Q-D259P BAD02409-00323 T003V-G166Q-D259P DSM14391-00359 T003V-G166Q-N259P WP082194748-00511 T003V-G166Q-S259P BPN-02104 X003V-X218S-X259P S003V-N218S-D259P APRE-00753 S003V-N218S-N259P GG36-15347 S003V-N218S-S259P BLCARL-08200 T003V-N218S-S259P BPN-01918 X040E-X076D-X166Q P040E-N076D-G166Q CHEMGEN-00167 P040E-N076D-G166Q GG36-15182 P040E-N076D-S166Q DSM14391-00272 S040E-N076D-G166Q BAD02409-00344 X040E-X076D-X166Q-X185Q E040E-N076D-G166Q-N185Q WP082194748-00419 P040E-D076D-G166Q-V185Q BPN-01918 P040E-N076D-G166Q-Q185Q BSPAK01305-00607 S040E-D076D-G166Q-S185Q BLCARL-08401 X069S-X076D-X166Q-X218S A069S-D076D-G166Q-N218S BSPZ56-00500 A069S-D076D-G166Q-N218S BPN-01797 A069S-N076D-G166Q-N218S GG36-15115 A069S-N076D-S166Q-N218S BSPAI2518-00581 A069S-N076D-S166Q-N218S BLCARL-08285 X069S-X076D-X218S-X259P A069S-D076D-N218S-S259P BPN-01608 A069S-N076D-N218S-D259P BSPAI2518-00530 A069S-N076D-N218S-N259P BPN-01605 X069S-X166Q-X218S-X259P A069S-G166Q-N218S-D259P BPAN01744-00035 A069S-G166Q-N218S-N259P BLCARL-08215 A069S-G166Q-N218S-S259P DSM14391-00499 A069S-G166Q-P218S-N259P BLCARL-08357 X076D-X078N-X129P-X259P D076D-T078N-A129P-S259P DSM14391-00364 N076D-S078N-D129P-N259P BPN-01991 N076D-S078N-P129P-D259P BSPZ56-00034 X076D-X078N-X185Q-X259P D076D-D078N-N185Q-G259P WP082194748-00177 D076D-T078N-V185Q-S259P GG36-15047 N076D-S078N-N185Q-S259P BPN-01991 N076D-S078N-Q185Q-D259P BLCARL-08292 X076D-X166Q-X185Q-X259P D076D-G166Q-N185Q-S259P BAD02409-00444 N076D-G166Q-N185Q-D259P BPAN01744-00261 N076D-G166Q-N185Q-N259P BG46-05524 N076D-G166Q-R185Q-N259P BSPAI2518-00815 N076D-S166Q-N185Q-N259P BBA02069-00105 X078N-X128S-X166Q-X185Q N078N-G128S-G166Q-V185Q BPN-02031 S078N-G128S-G166Q-Q185Q GG36-15335 S078N-S128S-S166Q-N185Q WP082194748-00343 T078N-G128S-G166Q-V185Q GG36-15335 X078N-X145R-X166Q-X185Q S078N-R145R-S166Q-N185Q BPN-02128 S078N-S145R-G166Q-Q185Q WP082194748-00254 T078N-R145R-G166Q-V185Q BPN-02086 X078N-X166Q-X259P S078N-G166Q-D259P BLCARL-08256 T078N-G166Q-S259P WP082194748-00339 T078N-G166Q-S259P BPN-01942 X078N-X218S-X259P S078N-N218S-D259P GG36-15280 S078N-N218S-S259P DSM14391-00263 S078N-P218S-N259P BLCARL-08281 T078N-N218S-S259P BPN-01831 X124I-X218S-X259P M124I-N218S-D259P BSPZ56-00264 M124I-N218S-G259P

Table 14 provides the percent identity of the additional subtilisin parent backbones compared to the BPN′, AprL, GG36, and Bgi02446 subtilisin backbones based on a multiple sequence alignment based on available structures and homology models and calculated using the MUSCLE program in Geneious software.

TABLE 14 Percent amino acid sequence identity among subtilisins Subtilisin parent BPN′ AprL GG36 Bgi02446 AprE 86.5 69.8 60.4 56 WP_082194748 76.4 73.8 58.5 54.2 Chemgen_164A 68 72 62.5 58.5 Bpan01744 58.2 60.4 89.6 80.3 DSM14391 55.6 55.6 78.4 90 BspAK01305 56.7 57.1 72.2 65.6 BspAI02518 57.1 57.1 63.3 61.1 BspZ00056 53.6 57.1 53.2 52.5 Bad02409 57.6 58.6 58.6 56.1 Bba02069 55.4 57.9 57 56 BPN′ 100 69.5 60 56 AprL 69.5 100 61.1 54.9 GG36 60 61.1 100 79.9 Bgi02446 56 54.9 79.9 100

Although the disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.

All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated in their entirety by reference into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference. In addition, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present disclosure. To the extent that section headings are used, they should not be construed as necessarily limiting. 

1. A subtilisin variant having at least 50% amino acid sequence identity to BPN′(SEQ ID NO: 1), wherein the variant has at least three features selected from the group consisting of: a Q, T, or V at position 3; an E at position 9; a Q at position 24; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; a D at position 87; an R at position 118; an I at position 124; a Q, R, or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; an E at position 182; a Q at position 185; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; an L or Q at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, wherein the positions are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1.
 2. The subtilisin variant of claim 1, wherein said variant has at least three features selected from the group consisting of: a T or V at position 3; an E at position 9; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; an Rat position 118; an I at position 124; a Q or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an S at position 130; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; a Q at position 185; an L at position 217; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, wherein the positions are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1.
 3. The subtilisin variant of claim 2, wherein said variant has at least three features selected from the group consisting of: a V at position 3; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; an Rat position 118; a Q or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; a Q at position 185; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, wherein the positions are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1.
 4. The subtilisin variant of claim 3, wherein said at least three features are substitutions selected from a V at position 3; an E at position 40; an S at position 69; a D at position 76; an N at position 78; an R at position 118; a Q or S at position 128; a P at position 129; an R at position 145; a Q at position 166; a Q at position 185; an S at position 218; a D at position 248; and a P at position 259, wherein the positions are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1.
 5. The subtilisin variant of claim 1, wherein said variant has at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: a Q at position 3; a Q at position 24; a D at position 87; an Rat position 128; an E at position 182; an I at position 210; a P at position 211; and a Q at position 217, wherein the positions are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1.
 6. The subtilisin variant of claim 1, wherein said variant has at least three of the following features with respect to SEQ ID NO: 1: an E at position 9; an E at position 40; a D at position 76; an Rat position 128; a Q at position 166; an Eat position 182; and an S at position 218, wherein the positions are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1.
 7. The subtilisin variant of claim 1, wherein said variant is derived from a parent or reference polypeptide having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or
 15. 8. The subtilisin variant of claim 1, wherein said variant comprises an amino acid sequence having 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, 10, or
 15. 9. A subtilisin variant having a polypeptide sequence having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to BPN′ (SEQ ID NO: 1), wherein the polypeptide has at least three features selected from the group consisting of S003Q/V, S009E, S024Q, P040E, A069S, N076D, S078N, S087D, N118R, M124I, G128S, S145R, G166Q, S182E, Y217L/Q, N218S and D259P, wherein the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:
 1. 10. A subtilisin variant having a polypeptide sequence having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to AprL (SEQ ID NO: 15), wherein the polypeptide has at least three features selected from the group consisting of T003V, P009E, A069S, T078N, S087D, M124I, G128Q/R/S, A129P, G166Q, S182E, N185Q, P210I, T211P, L217Q, N218S, and S259P, wherein the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:
 1. 11. A subtilisin variant having a polypeptide sequence having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to GG36 (SEQ ID NO: 2), wherein the polypeptide has at least three features selected from the group consisting of S003Q/T/V, 5009E, P040E, N076D, S078N, S087D, G118R, S128R, S166Q, Q182E, N185Q, P210I, G211P, L217Q, N218S, N248D, and S259P, wherein the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:
 1. 12. A subtilisin variant having a polypeptide sequence having at least 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% amino acid sequence identity to BG46 (SEQ ID NO: 10), wherein the polypeptide has at least three features selected from the group consisting of T003Q, T009E, S024Q, 5040E, N076D, N087D, N118R, M122I, S128Q/R, D129P, F1305, G166Q, Q182E, R185Q, P210I, M217L/Q, N218S, N248D, and N259P, wherein the amino acid positions of the subtilisin variant are numbered by correspondence with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:
 1. 13. The subtilisin variant of claim 1, wherein said variant has improved stability when compared to a reference subtilisin lacking the three or more features.
 14. The subtilisin variant of claim 13, wherein the improved stability is measured as: (i) greater than 25% residual activity when measured after 20 minutes at 40-72 degrees Celsius in a 10% detergent solution; (ii) at least 1 hour half-life for inactivation in 100% CNS detergent when incubated at 40 degrees Celsius, or (iii) a performance index (PI) of 1.1 or greater after 20 minutes at 30-50 degrees Celsius in a 10% detergent solution in comparison to the respective parent.
 15. The subtilisin variant of claim 1, wherein the subtilisin variant has protease activity.
 16. The subtilisin variant of claim 15, wherein the subtilisin variant has 50% or more cleaning activity in a liquid detergent composition in comparison to a reference subtilisin.
 17. A polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence that encodes the subtilisin variant of claim 1, wherein said polynucleotide is optionally isolated.
 18. An expression vector or cassette comprising the polynucleotide of claim
 17. 19. The expression vector or cassette of claim 18, wherein the polynucleotide sequence is operably linked to a promoter.
 20. A recombinant host cell comprising the vector or cassette of claim
 18. 21. A composition comprising one or more subtilisin variant according to claim
 1. 22. The composition according to claim 21, wherein said composition is selected from an enzyme composition and a detergent composition.
 23. The composition according to claim 22, wherein said detergent composition is selected from a laundry detergent, a fabric softening detergent, a dishwashing detergent, and a hard-surface cleaning product.
 24. The composition of claim 21, wherein said composition further comprises one or more calcium ion and/or zinc ion; one or more enzyme stabilizer; from about 0.001% to about 1.0 weight % of said subtilisin variant; one or more bleaching agent; one or more adjunct material; and/or one or more additional enzymes or enzyme derivatives selected from the group consisting of acyl transferases, alpha-amylases, beta-amylases, alpha-galactosidases, arabinosidases, aryl esterases, beta-galactosidases, carrageenases, catalases, cellobiohydrolases, cellulases, chondroitinases, cutinases, DNase or nuclease, endo-beta-1, 4-glucanases, endo-beta-mannanases, esterases, exo-mannanases, galactanases, glucoamylases, hemicellulases, hyaluronidases, keratinases, laccases, lactases, ligninases, lipases, lipoxygenases, lysozymes, mannanases, oxidases, pectate lyases, pectin acetyl esterases, pectinases, pentosanases, peroxidases, phenoloxidases, phosphatases, phospholipases, phytases, polygalacturonases, proteases, pullulanases, reductases, rhamnogalacturonases, beta-glucanases, tannases, transglutaminases, xylan acetyl-esterases, xylanases, xyloglucanases, xylosidases, metalloproteases, nucleases, additional serine proteases, and combinations thereof.
 25. The composition of claim 21, wherein said composition contains phosphate or is phosphate-free and/or contains boron or is boron-free.
 26. The composition of claim 21, wherein said composition is a granular, powder, solid, bar, liquid, tablet, gel, paste or unit dose composition.
 27. A method of cleaning, comprising contacting a surface or an item in need of cleaning with the subtilisin variant of claim 1; and optionally further comprising the step of rinsing said surface or item after contacting said surface or item with said variant or composition, wherein, optionally, said item is dishware or fabric.
 28. A composition comprising the subtilisin variant of claim 1, wherein said composition is a disinfectant, industrial or institutional cleaning, medical instrument cleaning, contact lens cleaning, or textile.
 29. The variant of claim 1, wherein the variant does not have an amino acid sequence identical to a naturally occurring molecule.
 30. A method of cleaning, comprising contacting a surface or an item in need of cleaning with the composition of claim 21; and optionally further comprising the step of rinsing said surface or item after contacting said surface or item with said variant or composition, wherein, optionally, said item is dishware or fabric. 